Loss of control and authority: Piracy challenged the authority and control of European nation-states over their colonies. Pirates operated outside the law and often established their own independent havens, which posed a threat to the political stability and sovereignty of these nations.
Fear of social disorder and rebellion: Pirates were often portrayed as unruly outlaws who threatened social order and stability. European nations feared that the presence of pirates could inspire or aid revolts and rebellions within their colonies, potentially destabilizing their rule.
Protecting commercial interests: The colonies were vital sources of raw materials and wealth for European nation-states. Piracy threatened these economic interests by disrupting the flow of goods and profits from the colonies to Europe.
Political and diplomatic pressure: Piracy also had political and diplomatic implications. European nations felt pressure to address the piracy problem to maintain good relations with other countries affected by pirate activities and to protect the interests of their merchants and traders.