Defending Southern Territory: Lee aimed to defend the Confederate states from a potential Union invasion and maintain control of the border regions. By taking the war into the North, he sought to divert Union attention away from Southern territories and protect critical industries and resources.
Boosting Confederate Morale: A successful invasion of the North would have boosted the morale of Confederate soldiers and civilians. It could have demonstrated the South's strength and determination, potentially rallying more support for the Confederate cause.
Influencing Public Opinion: Lee hoped that an invasion of the North could impact public opinion in the Union, particularly in border states where secessionist sentiments were present. By demonstrating the South's ability to carry out offensive operations, Lee aimed to sway public opinion and encourage political pressure for a negotiated peace.
Securing Diplomatic Recognition: A significant Confederate victory on Northern soil could have potentially increased the chances of foreign intervention or diplomatic recognition of the Confederacy by European powers, further bolstering the Southern cause.
Disrupting Union Resources and Supply Lines: By invading the North, Lee aimed to disrupt Union supply lines, capture valuable resources, and destroy industrial facilities that were crucial to the Union war effort. This disruption could weaken the Union's ability to sustain the conflict.