Here are some of the main perspectives on the Civil War held by northerners:
1. Abolitionists and Radical Republicans: This group believed that the war presented an opportunity to end slavery once and for all. They supported the abolition of slavery and the freeing of enslaved people as a central war aim.
2. Unionists: Many northerners emphasized the importance of preserving the Union and restoring national unity. They believed the war was necessary to defeat the Confederates and maintain a single nation.
3. Economic Interests: Some northerners saw economic opportunities in the war, such as increased industrial production, trade, and access to new markets in the South.
4. Moral Crusade: Many northerners viewed the war as a moral crusade against the institution of slavery. They were motivated by religious beliefs and a sense of moral obligation to fight for justice and equality.
5. States' Rights Concerns: Some northerners opposed the war because they feared the expansion of federal power. They believed that the North was interfering with the rights of Southern states to decide their own laws.
6. Peace Advocates: A minority of northerners opposed the war based on pacifist beliefs or concerns about the social and economic costs of the conflict.
7. Anti-War Demonstrations: As the war dragged on and casualties mounted, there were growing protests and demonstrations against the war in some northern cities.
It's important to note that not all northerners shared these views. There were divisions and differences of opinion within the northern population throughout the war.