By contrast, the South opposed tariffs because they made it more expensive for them to buy manufactured goods from the North. This was a particular burden for Southern planters, who relied on imported goods to run their plantations. Additionally, tariffs reduced the demand for Southern agricultural products in Europe, which lowered the prices that Southern planters received for their crops.
The debate over tariffs was one of the major causes of the Civil War. In 1861, the Southern states seceded from the Union and formed the Confederate States of America. One of the main reasons for secession was the South's opposition to tariffs. The Civil War ended in 1865 with the victory of the Union. After the war, tariffs were raised even higher, which helped to protect Northern industry and spur economic growth in the United States.