- The Confederacy had the support of the majority of the white population in the South, which gave them a larger manpower pool.
- The Confederacy was fighting on its own soil, which gave them a defensive advantage.
- The Confederacy had a number of experienced military leaders, including Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, and James Longstreet.
- The Confederacy had the support of Great Britain, France, and other European nations, which provided them with financial assistance and supplies.
Union advantages:
- The Union had a much larger population and economy than the Confederacy.
- The Union had a stronger navy, which allowed them to blockade Southern ports and prevent the Confederacy from importing supplies.
- The Union had a number of significant manufacturing centers, which allowed them to produce large quantities of weapons and ammunition.
- The Union had the support of the majority of the Northern population, which gave them a higher morale.