After the outbreak of World War II in Europe in 1939, Japan saw an opportunity to expand its empire further by taking advantage of the distraction of the major European powers. Japan began occupying territories in Southeast Asia, and by late 1941 it had control of much of the region.
The United States was concerned about Japan's expansionism, and it began to provide aid to China, which was fighting a war against Japan. The United States also began to impose economic sanctions on Japan, in an effort to force it to change its policies.
Japan saw the United States' actions as a threat to its empire, and it decided to take action to neutralize the American threat. On December 7, 1941, Japan launched a surprise attack on the United States naval base at Pearl Harbor in Hawaii. The attack was a success, and it severely damaged the American Pacific fleet.
The attack on Pearl Harbor brought the United States into World War II. The United States quickly defeated Japan, and Japan surrendered in 1945.