Ino Tadataka Do you know
that's right! People who have walked around Japan to complete the map of Japan is.
“I studied astronomy that I had been interested in since I was a child at the age of 50, and completed a map of Japan from the age of 55 to 17 years” I let you.
Prior to that, he was also a successful brewer.
“A man who lived twice in his life!” For that reason, in today's aging society, he is highly evaluated.
This time, I will introduce Mr. Tadataka Ino in an easy-to-understand manner.
Ino Tadataka's first life!
1745, The master of the village that was in the current Chiba prefecture I was born in my house. It was around the latter half of the Edo period.
His mother is 6 years old When he died at that time, his father, who was his son's adopted child, returned to his parents' house, and Sanjiro boy (Tadataka's childhood name) moved to the house of relatives and acquaintances.
He had an unfortunate boyhood because he didn't sledge with his father's new stepmother and wasn't blessed with the surrounding environment.
Around 17 years old , I will be the son of the Ino family, a sake brewer. At this time, "loyalty" I get the name. "Tadataka Ino" It's the birth.
The family business of the Ino family was in a critical situation, but it will be revived with the skill of Mr. Tadataka.
at the age of 36 Has become the surname of the village.
Mr. Tadataka is the largest "Tenmei famine" among the four great famines of Edo that have occurred for six years. At that time, he distributed his own money and rice to the villagers and protected them from the village without causing a starvation.
The annual profit of the Ino family has increased to 100 million yen or more at the current value. ..
And Tadataka was at the age of 50 , Handing over his reign to his eldest son, he retires and heads for Edo.
To a second life.
Did you really just want to know the size of the earth?
The Edo Shogunate decides to change it because the calendar used at that time often excluded the solar eclipse and the lunar eclipse.
The work chosen was Asada Goryu ) in Osaka, where the first lunar surface in Japan was observed. A family of Takahashi Yoshitoki And Hazama Shigetomi They were people called Mr.
Mr. Tadataka, who was very interested in astronomy, was at the age of 50 . 19 years younger I became a disciple of Takahashi Yoshitoki.
He was so enthusiastic about studying and astronomical observation that he even remodeled his home for astronomical observation.
I'm trying too hard " walking " Teacher " It is called by the nickname. Propulsion is to measure the movement of stars.
Mr. Yoshitoki and Mr. Tadataka think that the size of the earth and the latitude and longitude of various parts of Japan are necessary to make a more accurate calendar.
"From Edo Ezochi I want to measure the exact distance of (Hokkaido)! I will come to think.
Therefore, Mr. Yoshitoki and Mr. Tadataka think.
To the shogunate, "I'll make a map of Ezo, so let me go!" I made a request. At that time, I couldn't go to Ezo without the permission of the Shogunate.
The idea was to get the information necessary for the calendar along the way.
Map making was originally secondary.
And Tadataka 55 years old Departed for Ezo with nine people, including his son, and two horses.
Started creating Japanese maps!
① Primary survey (Ezochi), Tadataka 55 years old.
The surveying method is to train so that the stride length is constant and measure by stride.
Travel about 40km a day.
The number of surveying days is 180 days, of which 117 days are spent in Ezo.
Mamiya Rinzou during my stay in Ezo Is a disciple.
Mr. Hayashizo says that Sakhalin Island in the north of Hokkaido is "island" . Is it "Peninsula" I didn't know what it was, but I called it "island" . The person who confirmed that. Strait of Tartary between Eurasia and Sakhalin Is called.
After completing the survey of Ezo, Tadataka told his master, Yoshitoki, "I didn't think I could do it so well" . Is praised.
➁ Second survey (Izu-Eastern Japan Pacific side), Tadataka 56 years old.
Since the first survey was highly evaluated, the second survey started.
From this time, we have been informed in advance and have been able to get the help of local villagers.
This time, it is not a pedestrian survey, but a ruby rope marked every 180 cm. Change to surveying with ..
There are many cliffs on the roads on the Izu Peninsula and the Pacific Ocean side, and it was a very harsh survey because it was a survey with a rope stretched from a ship and a survey by climbing a rock.
The number of survey days is 230 days.
③ Third survey (Tohoku Sea of Japan side), Mr. Tadataka, 57 years old.
From around this time, Mr. Tadataka began to scold officials who were not supportive of surveying. Mr. Tadataka has a little pride.
A slightly unusual phenomenon occurs.
Elephant lagoon (Akita Prefecture) After surveying the area, two years later, the Kisakata earthquake Occurs.
The land was uplifted due to the impact of the earthquake, and it completely changed its appearance.
Therefore, Mr. Tadataka's pre-earthquake survey record became extremely valuable. This is amazing, isn't it?
It will be completed in 132 days of surveying.
There was a scene where Mr. Yoshitoki, the master, did not trust Mr. Tadataka's survey, and Mr. Tadataka was a little angry. After all it feels like pride has come out.
④ Fourth survey (Tokai-Hokuriku-Sado), Tadataka, 58 years old.
Kaga Domain (Ishikawa Prefecture) and Itoigawa There was a slight mess in the clan (Niigata Prefecture), but the number of surveying days was 219 days. This completes the survey of the coastline of eastern Japan.
Regarding the size of the earth, which was also the original purpose, the numerical value written in the Western astronomical book that Mr. Yoshitoki obtained at that time and the numerical value measured by Mr. Tadataka are very close to each other .> Because of that, the two were very happy with each other. This was the original purpose, wasn't it?
However, at the beginning of the year, Yoshitoki died at the young age of 39.
It is said that Mr. Tadataka held his hands toward the direction of Mr. Yoshitoki's grave every morning.
⑤ Fifth survey (Kinki-China), Mr. Tadataka, 60 years old.
Originally, surveying in western Japan was the role of Mr. Hazama Shigetomi, a colleague of Mr. Yoshitoki.
However, when Yoshitoki's child took up the post at the young age of 19, Shigetomi became an assistant. Tadataka will do his best to whip his old body. Shigetomi-san is lucky!
The plan was to do everything in western Japan, including Shikoku and Kyushu, but the work was so difficult that it ended only in Kinki and China this time. Surveying Lake Biwa took 37 days.
There are still picture scrolls depicting the landscape of surveying the islands of the Seto Inland Sea with many ships and people.
After completing the survey to Aiohigashi (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Mr. Tadataka will complain of malaria symptoms and concentrate on treatment.
A problem occurs here!
The members who were surveying without Mr. Tadataka drank banned alcohol and took an arrogant attitude toward the local villagers.
After returning to Edo, Tadataka excommunicated two people and dismissed three people. Tadataka has a strict personality.
Survey days, 1 year and 9 months.
⑥ 6th Survey (Shikoku), Mr. Tadataka 63 years old.
This time, although his son Hidezo had withdrawn from his illness, he was able to get a lot of cooperation from each clan and ended without any major problems.
He returned to Edo in less than a year.
⑦ 7th Survey (Kyushu 1st), Tadataka 64 years old.
The contents of the letter I wrote to his daughter around this time seemed to be considerably weakened.
"I've been walking for 10 years and I have only one tooth. I can't eat Narazuke anymore ..." When.
From the astronomy I wanted to do, it was now just a cartography job. That would be sad.
According to the survey of the Satsuma Domain (Kagoshima Prefecture), I thought that Tanegashima and Yakushima were impossible because the waves were rough, but the Edo Shogunate was included in the schedule asking me to cross even if I was forced to cross. I couldn't cross it in the end.
It is said that this included the meaning of the internal reconnaissance of the Satsuma Domain, which was closed at that time.
Return home in 1 year and 9 months.
⑧ Eighth survey (Kyushu second), Tadataka 66 years old.
Before leaving, Mr. Tadataka, a suicide note for his eldest son I am sending. Is it about to be bad?
We surveyed Tanegashima / Yakushima and northern Kyushu, which we couldn't do last time. It is also Kujukushima in Nagasaki. I'm going to hate you ...
Mr. Sakabe, who was the deputy captain, will die in this survey.
"It looks like the bird has had its wings taken ..." Said Tadataka, who was quite disappointed.
Survey days, 913 days. The longest.
After that, Mr. Rinzo Mamiya, who discovered the Strait of Tartary, will visit and teach surveying techniques in a week.
⑨ Ninth Survey (Izu Islands), Tadataka, 70 years old.
Mr. Tadataka is not participating this time because he is old.
About a year.
⑩ 10th survey (around Edo), Mr. Tadataka, 71 years old.
Mr. Tadataka also participated in this.
Mamiya Rinzō appears after completing the remaining surveys of Ezochi on the way. nice! Hayashizo!
However, Tadataka's physical condition deteriorated, and he died at the age of 73 while compiling the map.
The distance I walked in 17 years to create a map is 40,000 km around the globe.
"Tadataka, who wanted to know the size of the earth, walked the same distance as the earth."
And three years later, with the hands of his disciples, "Inozu" Was completed.
Summary
Tadataka, who ruled a great success as a merchant, also made a great success in a completely different second life.
He is a frugal and serious person. And strict.
Disown his daughter His son was also excommunicated I'm doing it.
I also do astronomical observations to improve the accuracy of the map.
Of the 3754 days of total surveying, 1404 days of astronomical observations. I do more than one day every three days. Is that every day on a sunny day?
Is the secret to success in life "serious"?