The period from the 4th century BC to the 3rd century AD is called the Yayoi period, and it is said that people with rice culture from the continent lived there.
* There is a theory that rice culture was practiced even before the Yayoi period.
This rice culture will enable us to obtain stable food, and the Japanese population will begin to grow explosively. There, people can form a cohesive settlement to some extent. Do it [ Kuni 】Is called.
Himiko of Yamatai country
As soon as Kuni begins to form, there will be disparities between the villages, and conflicts will arise between Kuni. The representative of that Kuni is [ Yamatai country 】is.
There is a description in the Chinese Wei Zhijinden, and in 239 AD at the end of the Yayoi period, China at that time [ Wei ] Was sent to Japan [ Wakoku ] In [ Yamatai country ] Queen Himiko Is supposed to be.
According to Wakoku, Wakoku is Matsurokoku, Nakoku, Ito, Fumikoku, Toumakoku . There are as many as 30 countries, the center of which is [ Yamatai . ] It is said that it was. The number of houses is 70,000, and the area of a general residential land alone is more than 7 km square . Is considered necessary. Considering that the altar, the area where the government is held, the warehouse, and the houses of the rulers are lined up around it, it seems that the Kuni was more than 10 km square.
From the survey of the ruins, it is estimated that one inhabitant is about 10 people, and if it becomes 70,000, the population will be about 700,000. It can be said that the other Kuni were extraordinarily larger than the other Kuni when it was written that there were about 1000 houses.
Considering that the population of Japan at that time is said to be about 2 million, it means that one-third of the population at that time belonged to Yamatai.
Where is the location of Yamatai country?
So where was Yamatai actually?
Various scholars are arguing about this every day.
The Wajinden biography describes the journey to Yamatai, but if you follow that street, the end point will end up in the middle of the Pacific Ocean. Therefore, the location is guessed by guessing while correcting the distance according to the order described.
There were no letters in Japan at that time, so the only way to know Yamatai was to rely on books from other countries. Therefore, it is often uncertain, but what is currently being said is the Kinai theory and the Kyushu theory . is.
Kinai theory Is Makimuku Heritage Site in Sakurai City, Nara Prefecture There are some candidates such as.
Kyushu theory Then, Northern Kyushu and Dazaifu Etc. are listed as candidates.
Both theories lack decisiveness, and the solid evidence is unclear.
The theory that it was on the plane or in Kyushu was derived from Wajinden . However, it is also true that there are many parts where the credibility of Wajinden itself is doubtful. However, nowadays, the Kinai theory seems to be influential.
The reason was that the Hashihaka Kofun in the Makimuku Heritage site was investigated by radiocarbon dating, and it was possible that it was the tomb because it coincided with the time when Himiko died.
With the development of such daily research and analysis techniques, the position of Yamatai will be gradually elucidated in the future.
Description of Yamatai country by Wajinden
China at that time was [Wei] [蜀] [Wu] It was the Three Kingdoms era.
According to the later Chinese book written at that time,
Translated ...
"Kenbu Nakamoto 2nd year" =57 years "An Emperor Ei 1st year" =107 years, and "Ghost Festival" generally refers to 147-188 years. It seems that there is a person named Suisho of the King of Wakoku around this time, but Wakoku is greatly disturbed, further defeated, and there is no master for many years Looking at the description of, it can be read that Wakoku was fighting with each other. It is also written that there is no king who has the whole of Japan yet.
Also, Wajinden To
Translated,
There was a queen in a place called Yamatai country. It is stated that he originally had a queen in this Yamatai country, but later made a queen Himiko at the top of 30 countries and politicized by demons.
Looking at the above historical materials, it can be seen that after Himiko became the Queen of Yamatai, the great war had subsided and Japan had begun to become peaceful.
Then, in the era of Himiko, Yamatai embarked on diplomacy. The other party is one of the countries of the Three Kingdoms era [ Wei ] Will be said.
Due to this diplomatic policy, in 239, the Emperor of Wei said, " Wei Wei King . Gold seal of the proof of Wakoku , And about 100 bronze mirrors Is said to have been given. At that time, it was the largest power on the continent [ Wei ], Himiko is both inside and outside [ Kings of Wa ] Has established its position.
Also, the above " Kido is the thing ... There is a sentence.
This " Kido However, it is said to be the method used by Himiko for politics. This demon road is considered to be a type of fortune-telling, but it is not known exactly how it was done.
With the inauguration of Himiko, the country of Wa has temporarily passed a peaceful time, but it will not last long and a conflict will occur again. The most fierce battle was the " Kununokuni " located in the south of Yamatai. It seems.
Himiko is said to have died in 248 during this battle.
After Himiko's death, a man once stood as a king, but it is said that a female king was also erected because of the constant conflict.
After that, Yamatai became the last in the middle of the 3rd century, and for nearly 150 years until 413, there was no record of Wakoku in Chinese history books. For this reason, the 4th century in Japan is " blank century . It seems that it is called. In addition, there seems to be some debate about the relationship between Yamatai and the Yamato Kingship.
* There are various theories