It's been a while, but the Taira no Masakado rebellion eventually developed into a rebellion against the Kokushi in the private battle of Shimosa that continued after 935. I think I talked about it before.
This time, the Taira no Masakado Together with " Tengyo no Ran (Derived from the era name at that time) ”, also known as“ Fujiwara no Sumitomo's Ran I will talk about. This " Fujiwara no Sumitomo There are no historical materials such as "Shomonki" left, and various theories are circulating.
This time, I will mainly introduce the new theory that has been said in recent years.
Overview of Fujiwara no Sumitomo's Ran
Fujiwara no Sumitomo's Ran Is Hiburi Island in Iyo Province (between Ehime and Oita) Disturbance that occurred from the entire Seto Inland Sea to the Bungo Channel It is. Fujiwara no Sumitomo was dispatched to suppress the pirates who originally appeared in the area. Suddenly, the pirates were put together as the head of the pirates, and it is said that they went on a rampage as they were.
Fujiwara no Sumitomo Is from the Fujiwara Kita family and has a bloodline that is quite close to the elite who has Fujiwara no Mototsune as his granduncle. His father was barely in the last seat of the aristocrat under the fifth rank and is in the position of Shoni in Dazaifu. However, Sumitomo's early death of his father made him brilliantly off the career path in Kyoto.
At that time, a chance comes.
April 932 " Determine the pirate messenger December " Bizen Province, Report on Pirates In the following year, not only the tsuibushi but also the Nankaido nations were dispatched by police officers, and in 934, Musashi Province (currently part of Tokyo, Saitama, and Kanagawa) and soldiers of various families were dispatched to hunt pirates. The area around the Seto Inland Sea is rough I was in a situation like that.
The contact point for negotiations with foreign countries at that time was Dazaifu Is the main, and water transportation is very important as a means of transportation to get to Kyo. It has been. In the winter of 934, even the immovable grains of Iyo Province (=rice grains stored in Fudokura, which should be used in case of emergency) were robbed, and this important point was suppressed and martial arts were carried out. If you set it up, you will have a good chance of success.
* At that time, there was a strong tendency for "Takeshi
Although the exact year could not be confirmed, Fujiwara no Sumitomo was appointed by the imperial court to be his father's cousin Iyo Mamoru . According to Fujiwara's original name, Iyo Jō As a result, we will crack down on pirates in the Seto Inland Sea.
* Looking at the job table of the Kokushi below, it can be predicted that the top of the Kokushi is Mamoru, but when he sees that he has a lot of work, he could have been more involved in the field than Mamoru. It is probable that there was sufficient contact with the pirates.
Kokushi's duties
| Position | Number of people | Duties |
|---|---|---|
| Mamoru | 1 person | ● Maintenance of the shrine ● Creating a family register / account book ● Citizens' protection and training ● Agricultural maintenance ● Maintaining security ● Recommendations for Takako and Kokugaku students ● Proceedings / judgments ● Collection of taxes such as ancestors, tunes, diao, and appearances ● Management of warehouses, weapons, post-horses, smoke signals, pastures, barriers, livestock, and lost items ● Management of family registers of temples and monks ● Provocation / use of miscellaneous soldiers / soldiers |
| suke | 1 person | Same as Mamoru |
| Large Small | 1 person 1 person | ● Maintaining security ● Examination and approval of documents created by the eyes ● Judgment of delay in public affairs discovered by eyes |
| Large Less | 1 person 1 person | ● Creating a record of document transfer ● Draft document ● Discovery of delays in public affairs, reading of official texts |
* In addition, there are cases where you can make money from officials and non-members. The number of people depends on the grade of the country.
History of Japan | Heian period "Shaking aristocratic society four" by Akio Kawajiri Excerpt from Shogakukan
Trends of Fujiwara no Sumitomo
Next is specifically Fujiwara no Sumitomo Let's look at historical materials to see how it is said to have worked.
First, " Nihon Kiryaku From the stage of 936 (6th year of Jōhei)
It is said that Fujiwara no Sumitomo formed a party on Hiburi Island in Iyo Province and engaged in piracy.
On the other hand, " This morning century In the December 939 article of
Is written. Until now, if anything, Nihon Kiryaku In recent years, the latter, which cites the Iyo province's gejō (appeal document), is more credible. It seems that it is supposed to be.
After all, what happened in 936 and 939 ...
936 Fujiwara no Sumitomo Suppresses pirates as a guardian, then indigenous to Iyo
939 Suddenly Fujiwara no Sumitomo on December 21st Is rebellion
The gejō sent by Iyo Province is about Sumitomo's rebellion.
So why was it a sudden rebellion?
According to the conventional theory,
Or
However, in the new theory,
That is.
The basis of this new theory is based on the diary "Sadanobu Kouki" by Daijo-daijin, Fujiwara no Tadahira, but it is not clear because there is another interpretation. If you are interested, please see Akio Kawajiri's swaying aristocratic society (Complete Works Japanese History 4). All are quoted from the above book.
In this era, when irregularities such as the increase of descendants of influential aristocrats and the loss of fathers occur, they immediately fall off the career path. As I mentioned a little in the fourth-class government system, various privileges for aristocrats above the fifth place On the other hand, officials who are less than that will be treated badly at once.
At the same time, 902 Emperor Daigo Enki's Mansion Arrangement Order Kokushi's authority is very strong It was also an era when the descendants of the aristocrats, who had become a thing and cut off their careers, actively tried to go to rural areas.
Former aristocrats who are capable of "going to rural areas" where the competition rate is fierce, and who can even be indigenous, are like Sumitomo, who are not expected to advance in Kyoto, but who could have gone to a good position originally. You can think about it. Also, since they are people who are thinking of going to a rural area and raising a new flag, it is no wonder that they think "if martial arts are recognized ...".
Under such circumstances, what would happen if the upper people (who are the guardians ??) did not receive a reward ... The dissatisfaction grows and rebellion is fully conceivable.
The imperial court is Masakado's turbulence in the east. Fujiwara no Sumitomo's Ran I couldn't concentrate on just that. Therefore, we will make good use of "desire for career advancement" to attempt an internal collapse. He urged him to leave by flickering his ranks and officials under Sumitomo.
Some of them turned over and participated in the subjugation of Sumitomo, and over time, the eastern Shomon was defeated. Initially, he was in a lull, but gradually became inferior, and eventually Sumitomo's parents and children and his subordinates were killed. It will be suppressed.