Here are some key details about the Lusitania:
1. Background
The Lusitania was a luxury passenger liner owned by the Cunard Line. It was built in Scotland and launched in 1906. It was one of the largest and fastest passenger ships of its time.
2. First World War
When World War I broke out in 1914, the Lusitania was converted into an armed merchant cruiser, carrying ammunition and supplies for the British war effort. Despite the ongoing conflict, the Lusitania continued to operate as a passenger ship, transporting civilians across the Atlantic Ocean.
3. German Submarine Warfare
During World War I, Germany adopted unrestricted submarine warfare, targeting merchant and passenger ships without warning in an attempt to disrupt supplies to Britain and its allies. The German government had issued warnings prior to the Lusitania's sailing that Allied ships were at risk in certain areas.
4. Voyage and Sinking
On May 1, 1915, the Lusitania departed from New York City bound for Liverpool, England. On May 7, 1915, the ship was off the coast of Ireland when it was torpedoed by the German submarine U-20. The Lusitania sank within 18 minutes, resulting in the deaths of 1,198 people, including civilians, crew members, and 128 Americans, which sparked outrage and condemnation.
5. Aftermath
The sinking of the Lusitania was a significant turning point in World War I. The loss of civilian life, particularly the deaths of American citizens, played a crucial role in shaping public opinion and policy in the United States. It increased anti-German sentiment and contributed to the U.S. decision to enter the war in 1917.