1. National Identity: Rizal's writings and actions played a pivotal role in shaping the Philippine national identity during the late 19th century when the country was under Spanish colonial rule. He articulated the concept of a unified Filipino nation, transcending regional and ethnic differences.
2. Reform Movement: Rizal was a leading advocate of the Propaganda Movement, a reform movement that sought to attain political and social reforms through peaceful means. He used his writings, particularly the novels "Noli Me Tangere" and "El Filibusterismo," to expose the abuses of the Spanish colonial government and to awaken Filipinos' sense of national consciousness.
3. Advocacy for Education: Rizal emphasized the importance of education as a means of uplifting the Filipino people. He believed that education was essential for social progress, economic development, and the attainment of political freedom.
4. Intellectual and Literary Achievements: Rizal's literary works are considered masterpieces of Philippine literature and are widely read and studied both in the Philippines and globally. His novels exposed social injustices and sparked discussions about political change and national identity.
5. Martyrdom: Rizal's execution by the Spanish colonial government on December 30, 1896, turned him into a martyr and a symbol of the Philippine struggle for independence. His last words, "Consummatum est," which means "It is finished," resonated with Filipinos and inspired the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule.
6. Legacy and Symbolism: Rizal's legacy lives on through various institutions named after him, such as the Rizal Memorial Stadium, Rizal Park, and Rizal Technological University. His image appears on Philippine currency and stamps, and his life and works are subjects of study in schools and universities across the country.
In summary, Jose Rizal is recognized as the Philippine national hero due to his significant contributions to Philippine society and his role in awakening national consciousness, advocating for reforms, emphasizing the importance of education, and inspiring the pursuit of independence. His life and works continue to inspire and unite Filipinos in their pursuit of nation-building and social progress.