Here are a few reasons why it may seem like historians have only recently solved some of these secrets:
1. Historical Sources and Preservation: Many African societies had oral traditions rather than written records, meaning their histories were passed down through storytelling and cultural practices. This can make it more challenging to reconstruct detailed historical accounts compared to civilizations with extensive written records.
2. Eurocentric Bias: Historically, the study of ancient civilizations often focused on Europe, the Middle East, and Asia, overlooking or marginalizing African history. This Eurocentric bias meant that less attention and resources were dedicated to researching and understanding African civilizations.
3. Colonial Distortions: Colonial powers' influence on African nations could distort historical narratives. The imposition of colonial structures and interpretations sometimes marginalized or obscured aspects of African history and cultural heritage.
4. Accessibility and Collaboration: In recent decades, increased access to archaeological sites, advancements in research methods, and international collaboration have enabled historians to explore African civilizations more thoroughly. Technology, such as satellite imagery and advanced dating techniques, has also greatly aided researchers in gaining a deeper understanding of the past.
5. Recalibrating Perspectives: There has been a growing movement to decolonize the study of history, including a reexamination of African history from an Afrocentric perspective. This shift in perspective encourages the study of African civilizations on their terms, valuing indigenous knowledge and narratives.
While ongoing research and discoveries can bring to light new aspects of history, it would not be accurate to suggest that historians have only recently begun solving the secrets of early African civilizations.