This is one of the oldest examples of utility stone architecture in Europe outside the Mediterranean area. Who built this stronghold over 3500 years old? When ancient Egypt was ruled by the pharaohs, and King Hammurabi ruled in Babylon, in the Dunajec valley, in todays Lesser Poland, on a pictures
Tossed on the doorstep of the church, left to be eaten by wild animals or ... drowned in the sea. Such was the fate of unwanted children in the Middle Ages. If in the Middle Ages a woman gave birth to an unwanted child, she had few options. She could raise them with the stigma of shame, abandon th
She roamed the streets of Polish towns and villages. Mostly after dark. Her driver, whoever he was, had no good intentions, especially when it came to the children. Meetings with her often ended tragically. Is the story of the Black Volga and the accompanying kidnappings and even murders true? Why w
How did the human crane work? Why was a caller hired? Why was it worth becoming the host of the fair? In the Middle Ages, people could earn money in all sorts of ways. Some are hard to imagine today. Or maybe only the names have changed? In former cities, there were professions that, although typi
For medieval women, wearing a religious habit was often the only sensible alternative to getting married, although, of course, not all of them decided to do so of their own free will. What was the life of those who - driven by faith or compulsion - allowed to lock themselves up behind the monastery
One could hit with fists, legs, head, elbows - on any part of the body. It was possible to strangle an opponent, break his limbs and fingers. All for the sake of Zeus. This is how Greek players fought in a discipline called pankration, which was part of the Olympic struggle . For any deviation f
Human impact on the natural environment is now referred to as anthropopressure. It has a direct impact on the local flora and fauna. It includes both accidental and deliberate actions to transform and adapt the environment to human needs. In order to trace the process of animal extinction in Lesot
A meal for the redemption of wines. A piece of bread eaten over the body to give the soul eternal life. How its possible? All thanks to the sin eaters. They worked mainly in Wales. Among the few preserved information about them, some are intertwined with local legends. What is for sure? It wasnt
In the Middle Ages, virgins were a valuable commodity, and their purity could work wonders - for example, attract unicorns. Therefore virginity was kept at all costs. It also happened that a young woman did not take care of her virginity enough, and finally the wedding day arrived. Even then, ho
This is where silk, paper and other civilization achievements of the Middle Kingdom reached Europe. On the other side - to China - there were, among others, perfumes or jewelery. The name Silk Road was coined only by the German traveler and geographer Ferdinand von Richthofen in 1877. The trade ro
In tsarist Russia, peasants were the property of the lords who could dispose of their lives as they saw fit. After all, the peasant was just a commodity. The submission of the Russian peasants at its worst began to take shape at the end of the 16th century. Until 1497, they had the right to chan
At the end of the 19th century, the intelligent baboon Jack was working on the railroad. He set up the tracks, made the travelers happy and helped the man - the disabled James. The beginning of the 1880s. A lively market in Uitenhage, a city in the south of todays South Africa. James Edwin Wide,
Suta and well seasoned? Or maybe too greasy and too salted? What was Polish cuisine like in the Middle Ages? Heres what our ancestors ate 500 years ago ... In the late Middle Ages, foreigners praised the abundance of food our ancestors enjoyed, but not necessarily their cuisine. Some were deligh
Breaking the wheel allowed to decide exactly how long the penalty will last. On top of that, it was extremely painful - and spectacular. Record holders died in torment even for several days. This sophisticated and extremely cruel torture was the specialty of the Germanic states of the Holy Roman
The cross has been standing on Wielki Giewont for over 120 years. At that time, it became a destination for tourists, pilgrims and the site of several tragedies. Who put it there and why? It was August 19, 1901. Almost 300 people gathered around the top of Wielki Giewont, most of them dressed in
Kat didnt have an easy life. The work itself was ungrateful. Added to this was laborious learning and social ostracism. On the other hand, it was possible to earn a lot from the executions. You close your eyes. Unfortunately, not for long. A loud pounding on the door pulls you out of your half-s
Escape excavations carried out since 2004 in the Yenikapi harbor area of Istanbul have uncovered the remains of 37 merchant ships and their wealth. It is the largest group of such vessels ever found in the area of one ancient port. Beneath the sleepers of ships that were once active in maritim
Its name derives from the Aztec word āhuacatl meaning ... kernels. Today, avocados are often served on our tables. Few people know how bloody history is. The world is crazy about avocados. This little green fruit currently has countless fans around the globe. #avocado on Instagram has already reac
We had two hyperinflations in Poland - at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s and less than 70 years earlier. Will history repeat itself? Prices are rising practically overnight, the real value of money in our wallets and in bank accounts is decreasing. The Central Bank is raising interest rates, and
Although we do not agree to the bad treatment of Muslim women, we do not ask them about our views. Do we know what their outfit means to them? The outfit of Muslim women is very expressive and characteristic. It is also closely related to their religion, which makes it sometimes controversial. It
History books have accustomed us to male succession and primogeniture (inheritance by the firstborn). This is the case in the oldest ruling dynasty - the Japanese imperial family - where only men inherit, and even in the Principality of Monaco, where primogeniture is mandatory. In the past, however,
Folk fairy tales are filled with tales of witches and mysterious herbalists who, with their power, could heal others, but also destroy and kill ... History shows that in these stories for children there is more than just a grain of truth. This is evidenced by the character of Baba Anujka - a serial
It would seem that the persecution of the clergy for inconsistent with the line of the sermons was the domain of the times of the so-called Peoples Poland. Meanwhile, pre-war Poland did not show greater respect for freedom of speech. Any priest who proclaimed wrong views from the pulpit could meet t
Hitlers apparatus of oppression in occupied Poland could not function efficiently if it were not for informers. Do you think there were only a handful of them? Not at all. Only in the capital of the General Government, the Germans had hundreds of informers at their service The invaders started b