"Speaking down" refers to the act of communicating in a patronizing or condescending manner that implies a sense of superiority over the recipient of the message. It suggests a hierarchical relationship where the speaker positions themselves as knowledgeable and authoritative while belittling or undermining the other person's understanding or abilities. Speaking down often involves using simplifying or overly explanatory language, assuming the listener is not as capable or informed as the speaker. This condescending attitude can create a negative and disrespectful dynamic in communication, causing the recipient to feel diminished or alienated.