1. Nationalism: Nationalism played a significant role in World War I. Patriotism and national pride ran high in European countries, and this sentiment contributed to the rivalries and conflicts that led to the war.
2. Militarism: The major powers of Europe engaged in a arms race in the years leading up to World War I. Each country built up its military strength, stockpiling weapons and increasing the size of its armies and navies. This arms race created a climate of fear and suspicion among the powers.
3. Imperialism: European countries had established empires around the world, and these empires were a source of national pride and economic benefits. Competition for colonies and resources also contributed to the tensions that led to the war.
4. Autocracy: Many of the European countries involved in World War I were ruled by autocratic regimes, including Germany, Russia, and Austria-Hungary. These regimes were not accountable to their people, and they could make decisions without consulting their citizens. This lack of accountability contributed to the outbreak of the war.
5. Secrecy: European governments often kept their diplomatic negotiations secret from the public, and this secrecy contributed to the outbreak of the war. For example, the secret treaty between Austria-Hungary and Germany, known as the Dual Alliance, committed Germany to support Austria-Hungary if it was attacked by Russia. This treaty played a significant role in escalating the tensions that led to the war.