This was a key characteristic of the economy of England in the 18th century. As the country industrialized, it became increasingly common for workers to specialize in particular tasks, which led to increased efficiency and productivity.
b. Emergence of the factory system
The factory system, which involved the centralization of production in large factories, was also a key feature of the economy of England in the 18th century. This system allowed for greater economies of scale and increased productivity, and it helped to fuel the Industrial Revolution.
c. Growth of the service sector
The service sector, which includes industries such as retail, finance, and education, was also a growing part of the economy of England in the 18th century. This growth was driven by the increasing wealth of the country's population and the rise of the middle class.
d. Decline of agriculture
The agricultural sector was a declining part of the economy of England in the 18th century. This was due to a number of factors, including the enclosure movement, which led to the consolidation of landholdings and the displacement of many rural workers.
Therefore, the correct answer is d. Decline of agriculture.