2. Expansion of trade: Improved transportation methods and the use of iron tools made long-distance trade more feasible, leading to the development of new markets.
3. Rise of urban centers: As agricultural production increased, populations grew and surplus food production allowed people to specialize in non-agricultural occupations, leading to the rise of cities and towns.
4. Development of new technologies: The use of iron led to the development of new technologies, such as the plow, the wheel and axle, and the sword, which had a major impact on warfare, transportation, and everyday life.
5. Increased social stratification: The rise of cities and towns, along with the development of new technologies, led to increased social stratification and the emergence of new social classes, such as the merchant class and the artisan class.
6. Changes in warfare: Iron weapons and armor revolutionized warfare, with heavily armed infantry becoming more important.
7. Increased environmental impact: The large-scale use of iron tools and weapons, along with the expansion of agriculture and the growth of cities, had a significant impact on the environment, such as deforestation and soil degradation.