Present Tense:
- Use present tense to describe the main findings, contributions, and conclusions of the research. For example: "This study demonstrates the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing stress levels."
- When discussing the ongoing relevance or implications of the research, present tense can be used. For example: "The findings of this study contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms underlying social anxiety."
Past Tense:
- Use past tense to describe specific actions, events, or methods that were carried out during the research study. For example: "Participants in the study completed a series of questionnaires and underwent a cognitive assessment."
- When referring to previous research or studies that inform the context of the review, past tense should be used. For example: "Previous research has suggested a link between sleep deprivation and cognitive performance."
Remember, consistency in tense usage is essential throughout the journal review. Avoid switching between present and past tense within the same sentence or paragraph unless there's a clear shift in focus between discussing past events and ongoing contributions. By using the appropriate tense, you can clearly convey the findings and significance of the research being reviewed.