Trench mouth is characterized by several symptoms, including:
- Painful, bleeding gums that are swollen and red
- Ulcers or sores on the gums and inside the mouth
- Foul-smelling breath (halitosis)
- Difficulty eating and swallowing
- Fever and fatigue
Trench mouth is spread through direct contact with infected saliva, such as through kissing, sharing eating utensils, or coughing and sneezing. Poor oral hygiene and malnutrition can also increase the risk of developing trench mouth.
Treatment for trench mouth typically involves antibiotics, such as penicillin, to kill the bacteria. Pain relievers and antiseptic mouthwashes may also be used to relieve symptoms. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove damaged tissue and prevent further infection.
Trench mouth was a significant health problem during World War I, but it is now relatively rare thanks to improved sanitation and dental hygiene. However, it can still occur in people who are immunocompromised or who have poor oral hygiene.