Question 01 - FMABC 2013 - Everything happened contrary to what was predicted by the Argentine government. Britain sent a powerful naval fleet with planes and ground forces, and the United States preferred to side with its ally in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The war lasted until June 14 of the same year [1982], with the overwhelming victory of Great Britain and with a balance of 800 Argentines dead and 1300 wounded. Then another war began, only within Argentina itself:the population against the government. Jose Luis Bendicho Beired. . São Paulo:Ática, 1996, p. 79. Brief history of Argentina. The text talks about the Falklands War, between Argentina and Great Britain. From the text and your knowledge about this war, mark the correct alternative. a) The erroneous “forecast” of the Argentine government, mentioned in the text, included the belief that the United States would support the Argentine initiative and launch a violent air and naval attack against Great Britain. b) The defeat in the war provoked indignation in the Argentine armed forces, which mobilized to overthrow the democratic government and install a military dictatorship in the country. c) The “other war”, mentioned in the text, was the struggle of a significant part of Argentine society against the military dictatorship, which then ruled the country. d) The British victory surprised both the Argentines and the other Latin American countries, including Brazil, which allied with Argentina and sent troops to fight the British forces. e) The lack of support from other American countries to Argentina generated a deep internal crisis in NATO and ended up causing the end of the American military alliance.
Question 02 - FMABC 2016 - In the first half of 1982, the United Kingdom and Argentina became involved in an armed conflict over the possession of the Falkland Islands, located in the extreme south of America. The outcome of the war determined a) the military victory of the Argentine armed forces and the consequent installation of a new government in the islands. b) the signing of an agreement between the countries in dispute, which recognized the islands' independence and political autonomy. c) the continuity of British rule over the islands, supported by the majority of the local population. d) the intervention of US troops on the island, in defense of democracy and the freedom of the local population.
Question 03 - UFGD 2017 - At the beginning of the 1980s, more specifically, in 1982, there was a military conflict between Argentina and the United Kingdom, known as the “War of the Falklands”. This conflict was motivated by the dispute over possession and political sovereignty of the Falklands/Malvinas Islands. Considering this military confrontation, it is argued that:a) Argentina definitively broke its diplomatic and commercial relations with the United Kingdom until the mid-1990s. b) The Falklands War was won by Argentina, after 2 years of many battles and deaths of their soldiers. c) The Falkland Islands, after 3 years of war, was conquered by the United Kingdom. The political administration of Falklands is carried out by a governor appointed by the Queen of England. d) The Falkland Islands were practically destroyed by the conflicts, as there were 3 intense years of battles. Its possession and political sovereignty was conquered by the United Kingdom e) Diplomatic relations between Argentina and the United Kingdom were reestablished from 1989, through the Madrid Accords.
Question 04 - UNESP 2011 - The Falklands War opposed Argentina and England from April to June 1982. Among the reasons for the war, we can mention the a) British imperialist action on Antarctica, which intended to expand British territory to the extreme south. b) North American intention to maintain military hegemony over the continent through British rule. c) Argentine willingness to regain control of the islands, rich in fossil fuels and strategically important. d) interference from Brazil, which was willing to mediate the conflict, but sharpened the tension between England and Argentina. e) omission of the United Nations, which refused to support British claims in relation to the islands.
Question 05 - UNICAMP 2007 - It is doubtful and useless to speculate on the fate of Argentina, if the invasion of the Falklands had not been carried out, or if the Argentines had obtained sovereignty over the island. What is certain is that the defeat, under regrettable conditions (June 1982), accelerated the overthrow of the military dictatorship. (Adapted from Boris Fausto &Fernando J. Devoto, Brazil and Argentina:an essay in comparative history 1870-2002. S. Paulo:Ed. 34, 2004, p. 458.) a) What was the Falklands War? b) Why did it contribute to the overthrow of the Argentine military regime? c) Mention two characteristics of the dictatorship in Argentina in the 1970s and 1980s.
GABARITO 01 - C02 - C03 - E04 - C
05 -a) Argentine attempt to conquer the Malvinas (or Falkland) Islands, occupied by the English. Such an initiative provoked the military reaction of Great Britain, and imposed a crushing defeat on the attackers. b) Because the undeniable defeat suffered by Argentina demoralized the dictatorship of the time, which had intended to regain its prestige among the population with the conquest of the Falklands (an old national desire). c) Implementation of a conservative military regime, similar to the others established in the Southern Cone; extreme violence in the repression of opponents, characterizing the so-called “Dirty War”.