* Cylindrical projection
* Developed by Gerardus Mercator in 1569
* Preserves correct shapes of land masses
* Distorts the size of land masses, making them appear larger near the poles
* Used for navigation because it shows straight lines as great circles
Gnomonic projection:
* Azimuthal projection
* Developed by Ptolemy in the 2nd century AD
* Preserves correct directions from a single point (usually the center of the map)
* Distorts the shapes and sizes of land masses, making them appear more exaggerated near the edges of the map
* Used for creating perspective views of the Earth, such as those seen from space