Third king of the so-called branch of Valois, Charles V is the son of John II the Good. He is the first heir to use the title dauphin, after his father acquired the province of Dauphiné. Charles must very early ensure the Regency of the kingdom after the capture of his father in Poitiers. In 1358, the provost of the merchants of Paris, Étienne Marcel revolts against Charles, and he forces the king to flee Paris, he will return after his death. The French army commanded by Bertrand Du Guesclin defeats the King of Navarre Charles the Bad and his English allies at Cocherel in 1364. He undertakes several works to consolidate the capital. Charles is a patron of the arts, and he rebuilt the Louvre in 1367. He also created the first royal library in France.
Paris, 1403 - Mehun-sur-Yèvre, 1461. King of France in 1422. Fifth son of Charles VI and Isabeau of Bavaria, he first bore the title of Count of Ponthieu. On the death of Jean de France, the last survivor of his older brothers, he became both Duke of Touraine, Duke of Berry and Dauphin of France (1