Jurist and moderate conventional deputy, he wrote a first draft of the Civil Code in 1798, which was refused. He was appointed Second Consul in 1799, then President of the Senate and of the Council of State and contributed to the development of the Civil Code. While he had voted death to Louis XVI, he rallied to the Bourbons in 1814 after the disgrace of Napoleon, but was exiled in 1815 as a regicide.
Born in Alsace and of Jewish faith, Alfred Dreyfus chose French nationality when Germany annexed Alsace-Lorraine in 1871. He joined the French army. In 1894, following the discovery of a slip containing information on military secrets sent to the German enemy, Dreyfus was designated as the ideal cu