Phatoro Shed

Terrain

General condition

Phatoro Shed It is part of the area of ​​"Khao Han", popularly known as "Khao Han". “Khao Patoro” or “Khao Pa Toro”

The cliff shed facing the east is 30 meters long, 16 meters wide, looks like an open-air shed with shelter from the sun and wind and rain. In front is a wide courtyard. Away from the cliff about 10 meters, there is a creek flowing through Duson. side of the cliff (North side) there is a way up to the cave. Inside the cave is a long tunnel and a curved booth. The cave is about 5 meters wide and 70 meters deep. The condition of the current site is disturbed by the villagers' bat exhumation activities. From the survey inside the cave of the Fine Arts Academy 13 Songkhla found artifacts such as fragments of pottery and animal bones. (Silpakorn Office 13 Songkhla 2010 :81, 155)

Height above mean sea level

Waterway

Khlong Duson

Geological conditions

The archaeological site of Pha Patoro is located in the area of ​​hills and limestone mountains (Hill and mountain) named "Khao Han" or as the locals call it. "Khao Patoro" or "Khao Pa Toro", which is a mountain in a rock set of pine fields. or limestone of the Ordovician period, about 500 million years old (Committee 2002:9)

Archaeological Era

era/culture

Scientific age

Types of archaeological sites

archaeological essence

From the archaeological survey and excavation of personnel from the Fine Arts Office 13 Songkhla, the Fine Arts Department in 2010 (The 13th Office of Fine Arts, Songkhla 2010) found evidence of the use of the area around the Patoro shed by the prehistoric people. The important evidence is 2 human graves

Vault number 1 It is a grave of a child about 6 years old. The condition is disturbed. Only the head is found. The remnants of the dedication are 13 bone beads, 5 cylinders, and 8 flower-like cylinders.

Vault number 2 It is a grave of an adult female, aged about 30-35 years, having a child, lying with her head facing the east. The burial devotion was found with the corpse, both destroyed before burial and not destroyed. The items destroyed before the burial were clay pots No. 1, 3 and 4, which had been smashed and placed on the head, legs and feet. A terrazzo tool was placed overhead. Place the animal's fangs above the head and left thigh. Clams were placed in various positions of the corpse, such as legs and hands. It was also found to decorate the corpse with various ornaments, such as wearing a stone bracelet on the right wrist. Shell bracelet on the left wrist wearing a necklace of beads on the neck Wear beads on the left and right wrists.

The details of the archaeological evidence in the tomb are as follows:

Number pottery 1 It was smashed over the head of the skeleton No. 2, with a pottery No. 2 in perfect condition overlapping on top. Earthenware No. 1 is an ordinary earthenware container. The base is cylindrical with a wide mouth. The exterior color of the container is brown, smoked, and the inside is polished black. The mouth of the container is 23.4 centimeters wide, the base is 11 centimeters wide, 10 centimeters high, and 3 centimeters thick.

Number pottery 2 in perfect condition Placed on top of earthenware No. 1 is a tall round bottomed pot, 15 cm high, 7.6 cm in diameter.

Number pottery 3 Was smashed and buried at the right knee of the No. 2 skeleton was a normal clay pottery. It is a round-bottomed pot with a mouth spread out. The outer surface of the vessel is gray. Decorated with smoked rope pattern. The body width is 21 cm, height 16.5 cm, thickness 2 cm.

Number pottery 4 Was smashed and buried at the left foot of Human Skeleton No. 2 was a normal clay pottery. The base is cylindrical, the mouth is wide, the outer surface of the container is brown, smoked, the inside is polished black. The mouth of the container is 23.5 cm wide, the base is 11 cm wide, 10 cm high, 3 cm thick

Stone tools Found 2 pieces consisting of

The first stone tool was a beaked adze stone tool made of silica mudstone placed over the head of the skeleton number 2, measuring 19 cm long, 3 cm wide at the sharp edge, and Width at the handle 3 cm. Weight 459 grams

The second stone tool is a medium-sized terrazzo tool. trapezoid shape Made of chert stone placed over the head of the skeleton. It is placed near the bird's beak terrazzo tools and pottery Nos. 1 and 2. The stone tool is 21 cm long, 10.5 cm sharp, 5.5 cm wide at the handle, 1.4 cm thick and weighs 392 g.

Stone bracelet looks like a trumpet bracelet Placed on the right wrist of the bone mill Outer diameter 15 cm. inner diameter 6 cm.

shell bracelet Cylindrical, 7 cm in diameter, worn in the left wrist bone coupled with shell beads bracelet.

Beads Found on the left and right wrists

The bead was found on the left hand area. It was 11 yellow bone beads, cylindrical, 0.9 cm wide, 0.6 cm thick, 0.4 cm in diameter, and 48 were found on the left wrist. It is an opaque white bead, width 0.6 cm, thickness 0.1 cm, diameter 0.1 cm, round and flat. smooth without stripes and were 5 yellow long cylindrical bone beads, size 0.6-0.9 cm long, 0.8 cm thick, 0.4 cm in diameter, and found 5 oyster beads, opaque white, 0.9 cm wide, 0.2 cm thick, flat round shape.

The bead was found on the right wrist of the skeleton. 22 pieces of bone beads, opaque yellow, cylindrical, 0.8-1.2 cm long, 0.5-0.6 cm thick, 0.2 cm diameter.

Fangs 2 pieces. Piece 1 is located near the No. 2 clay vessel above the skeleton's head, and Piece 2 is located near the left thigh of the skeleton.

Clamshell 5 pieces, placed in different locations of the skeleton, such as legs, hands.

Archaeological evidence outside the excavated tombs are:

Pottery fragments Coarse and fine texture, grey, brown, black, orange, off-white, found on the mouth, body and shoulders, both smooth, embossed, press-stamped, traces of soiling, polished and smoked.

Bone beads flat sphere, diameter 0.2 cm

Metal Parts

shell bracelet

Human Skull Fragment

Glass beads purple, orange, cylinder, octagonal shape

Perforated shells (beads ?) It looks like a perforated shell.

Metal parts (lead ?) Similar to earrings

rubber Found in the ashes

Bone beads 82 beads, consisting of 34 smooth cylindrical bone beads, 44 cylindrical beads with flower-like grooved pattern, 2 flat slender cylindrical beads without pattern, and 2 smooth cylindrical beads without pattern.

Fire clay cube

animal bones Both burning fire and not burning fire

shells There are pagoda clams, clams, clams, scallops, scallops, and nautilus.

A shell with traces of rain Ring-like shape, thickness 0.4 cm, outer diameter 3 cm, inner diameter 2 cm.

The results of the study of scientific age by means of thermal fluorescence. (Thermoluminescence dating) obtained the newest age 1116 ± 112 B.P., the oldest age 19200 ± 1632 B.P. and the age in the evidence at the beginning of the use of prominent areas 5363 ± 375 B.P. (The Fine Arts Office 13 Songkhla 2010)

The results of the study of earthenware using the stone-wanna method. (The Fine Arts Office No. 13, Songkhla, 2010) obtained the following important results:

1. Soil origin is a granite igneous rock. including sedimentary rocks (Same as Tham Phoeng Archaeological Site, Songkhla Province)

2. The source of soil used to produce pottery. It is assumed that the soil is taken from 2 areas (1) soil from the area near the source or mountain. (Because the proportion of coarse-grained minerals has a lot) (2) the soil from the area away from the mountain area. may be downstream (because of less coarse mineral content and more fineness)

3. Ingredients in ground beef Found both without ingredients and adding Grog as an ingredient.

4. The container forming technique is found in both slow-rotating forming and free-hand forming.

5. The surface decoration of the container was found to be smooth but with polished surfaces. Exfoliate your skin with red clay. Scrub together with pressure points in 2 rows arranged obliquely. Smoked black

6. The container is relatively thin, 0.3-1.35 centimeters, indicating the quality of burning quality.

7. The burning temperature of the container is about 400-500 cm (because the minerals in the soil have not decayed or changed the structure), which is probably an outdoor burning.