Until the last time, I summarized "Geographical characteristics of Russia" and "Kievan Rus-Romanov dynasty", but finally Russian Empire Will also appear.
Birth and development of the Romanov dynasty (1613)
The battle with neighboring countries continued, and it became necessary to unite Grand Duchy of Moscow .. Among them, as a representative, Romanov family Mikhail Was chosen, Romanov The case where was established is as I mentioned before.
Romanov around this time Was weak and maintained with the support of many influential people.
This began to change in Poland from 1654. War with ( Russian-Polish War ) Is about to start.
Economic growth
The war costs money, but the government has created new Ruble bronze coins (originally using only silver coins) to survive financial difficulties. At this time, Romanov Decided to pay silver coins for taxes and use these copper coins to pay for military supplies.
Naturally, the value is silver coins> bronze coins, so the government made a big profit.
The people of Moscow who noticed this Karakuri rebelled, but it was suppressed by the army in a day. Thus little by little Romanov Was united as a country.
Results of the Russian-Polish War (1654-1667)
Ukraine is inevitable when talking about western Russia at that time. .. They are Russian And Belarusians Same as East Slavs However, the language and religion were different.
A little back in time, but around the 14th century, Kievan Rus was the origin of Russia. Ukraine was in the west Poland , North Lithuania It seems that he was under military pressure.
In the 16th century, Poland And Lithuania Became an Allied nation and the Ottoman Empire in the southwest To have a vast territory that approaches. Ukraine in this allies Was swallowed.
From the Polish-Lithuanian Republic (wikipedia)
Cossack in Ukraine There are many farmers who have escaped from the oppression of neighboring countries including Russia, and this Russia-Poland War Cossack They were planning to "tie up with Russia and become independent from the Republic of Poland and Lithuania." .. ..
Exactly Polish-Lithuanian Republic Ottoman Empire just before it was created Is Suleiman the Magnificent Under the reign of (1520-1566), he expanded his territory to a heyday, and the fact that he remained influential even after entering the 17th century is Cossack . It weighs heavily on us.
* In the era of the next Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, who inherited the policy of Suleiman I, he also collided with the Thunder Emperor (Russo-Turkish War)
The expanding Ottoman Empire Is Russia Tomo Polish-Lithuanian Republic The two countries are not on good terms with each other, and the two countries are Truce of Andrusovo . "Together Ottoman Empire This is because we decided to end the war in the form of "Let's jointly defend against."
It was Polish-Lithuanian that the story was different here. Cossack who was planning independence from We were, but Ottoman Before their request was not accepted.
Far from betrayal, they are deprived of their land. Polish-Lithuanian Republic on the western half of the Dniepuru River Russia in Kyiv and the eastern half It had evolved into a story of dividing by.
Also, at a similar time, the government Cossack granted privileges such as looting that were implicitly granted. Taken from Tsar (Russian Emperor) He was put under government control by swearing his vassal to Cossack . It was a situation of stepping on and kicking for me.
The Truce of Andrusovo Was an extraordinary peace treaty, but when the permanent peace treaty was signed nearly 20 years later, the eastern half of Ukraine was completely incorporated into Russian territory, and the supremacy of Eastern Europe became Russia .> Will move to.
Expansion of territory
Romanov Thunder Emperor in the former Rurik dynasty Dropped the country of Sibir-Han, but since then Russia has been accelerating its expansion into the east. Hanseatic League This is because I had the idea of "getting the best-selling fur and rock salt" when trading with foreign powers.
* However, as of the 16th century under the reign of the Golden Age, Western Europe entered the Age of Discovery. The center of Europe's trade area was in the midst of shifting from the Baltic Sea / Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean and the North Sea. The Hanseatic League See the article below for more information
Romanov The policy did not change after entering, and Russia continued to expand to the east. The indigenous peoples of Siberia had only primitive bows and arrows and other weapons, whereas Russia was armed with modern guns, so the conclusion was immediate.
As a result, Qing located in China today And in 1689 the Nerchinsk Treaty Tie, Argun River And Gaiko Anmine Is the border line.
Birth of the Russian Empire (1721 ~)
Russian Empire Originally Grand Duchy of Moscow ..
This Grand Duchy of Moscow Is Ivan the Terrible (Thunder Emperor) is Tsar Since being crowned as, he has become a self-proclaimed Tsardom of Russia, Romanov . Initially, it was a dynasty that was born as an extension of that.
Meanwhile, in 1682, Tsar Feodor III , the third generation of the Romanov dynasty. When he died, Ivan And Pyotr Two people will be named as candidates.
The name was raised at this time Pyotr That's the Russian Empire I will be the person who has been raised to (although I was only a candidate at this time).
Peter the Great After that, Romanov However, the Tsar so far Instead of " Emperor of All Russia Tsar as Reigns as the top empire It changed to.
What was the final successor to Feodor III? .. .. ??
Ivan Was born sick, so at first Pyotr Is Tsar But his sister Sophia And Ivan Ivan , partly because their consort kins were supporting them. Is the first. .. .. Pyotr Settled down to be the second tsar.
So the 4th generation Tsar I arrived at Ivan V It will be that. Pyotr Was effectively downgraded.
Participate in rituals, but otherwise Pyotr He spends more time in villages near Moscow, working with his friends to imitate things like military training and interacting with foreigners such as Germans. Thus Pyotr Will have a longing for Western European culture.
In addition, Tsar Ivan V in the seat of Was only the puppet of his sister, but Pyotr was watching him work hard while suffering from his illness. Seems to have respected his brother.
Of which Sophia Regent Government by Ottoman Turkey You will be able to collide. Crimean expedition at this time Ivan V in (Crimean Khanate was subordinate to the Ottoman Empire) When is torn, Pyotr from the surroundings Expectations for will increase.
Sophia impatient with this Is Pyotr It starts to move aiming for defeat, but influential military personnel Pyotr It failed because it became supportive. On the contrary, Sophia (And Ivan)'s influence will drop.
Thus effectively Pyotr Is Tsar It became.
Peter the Great's reign
Re-appearing Peter the Great First went to the Ottoman Empire The recapture of the Sea of Azov under his control.
After struggling to regain the Sea of Azov, Pyotr continues. Is Baltic Control Sweden Great Northern War with Start.
Great Northern War Is for the development of Russia " Baltic Sea And Black Sea / Mediterranean It seems that the idea that "the route to is important" was in the background.
Russia who won this battle Takes over the hegemony of the Swedish-Baltic Sea and renames it Russian Empire in commemoration of November 1721. I was promoted to. Thus Pyotr Will raise Russia to become a member of the European powers.
Also, under his reign, the country will continue to expand. Siberia "Isn't there something?" On the other side of the explorer's Bering in 1725. Was dispatched to the east.
After all, Bering Pyotr died in the year he was dispatched and could not be found during his lifetime, but Alaska across the sea. Discovered. Later it became Russian territory.
Pyotr who left such achievements But he made a fatal mistake.
He died without appointing the next emperor, even though he said, "He will make the one he thinks good as the next emperor." Naturally, those who were left were in trouble.
Thus Peter the Great Reign is Russian Empire However, the curtain was closed with some troublesome problems. Next time Pyotr Later Russian Empire I will take a look.