Assyrian Kingdom in parts of northern Mesopotamia in the early 2000s BC The country has risen. This Assyrian Kingdom Sometimes Mitanni Kingdom It was a small force that belonged to.
Such Assyrian Kingdom Is New Kingdom of Egypt Hittite has risen to become one of the two major forces in the Orient world. It will grow until it develops offense and defense.
Such Assyria also declined, and another kingdom was separated into Assyrian territory. Furthermore, it was Cyrus II, an Iranian (Persian), who conquered the separated kingdom. So-called Achaemenid Empire It is the founding of the country.
This time, I will summarize the movements from the Assyrian Kingdom to the Achaemenid Empire.
What is the Assyrian Kingdom? ??
The Assyrian Kingdom was born during the unclear period between 2000 BC and 1001 BC. .. It is said to have been born in the upper reaches of the Tigris River.
Third Dynasty of Ur in Mesopotamia There were several dynasties, including the Kingdom of Assyria in northern Mesopotamia, which was responsible for relay trade with Asia Minor (=Anatolia).
When the Third Dynasty of Ur was eventually destroyed by Elam in the northern Persian Gulf, the First Babylonian Dynasty by the Amorites reached a period of prosperity. Meanwhile, the Assyrian kingdom lay down and waited for time.
Eventually, in the 15th century BC, it belonged to the Mitanni Kingdom, which was established by the Hurrians, and the cold treatment of Assyria continued.
However, as time passed, half of the Kingdom of Mitanni became a Hittite territory, and the other half became a Hittite tribute country. At this time, the Assyrian kingdom will achieve independence. Conquered the entire Orient from Mesopotamia to Egypt in the first half of the 7th century BC using iron weapons, tanks and cavalry.
At this time, Assyria has expanded its power to the extent that it can be called a world empire, and it can be called the Assyrian empire (although it is the title of the Assyrian kingdom in textbooks, it is quite a hit even if you actually look it up in the Assyrian empire. I see the mark).
King Assyria manages politics, military and religion under a strong tyranny.
- Divide the country into states
- Maintenance of post-horses
- Place governors in various places
And so on.
However, the assyrian kingdom, which prospered so much, collapsed in 612 BC due to internal opposition due to heavy taxes and oppression.
4 Kingdom Separation
When the Assyrian kingdom splits, the Orient world will be
- Egypt
- Lydia (Anatolia Peninsula)
- Neo-Babylonian
- Media (Iranian Plateau)
4 kingdoms are born.
Egypt after the collapse of the Assyrian Kingdom
Assyrian Kingdom Collapsed after the oppression, and the Libyan-dominated dynasty resumed in Egypt after the New Kingdom. Media on the Iranian Plateau east of Assyria And Mesopotamia's Neo-Babylonian Formed an alliance Assyria Egypt turns to help Assyria ..
Egypt Was under Assyrian Kingdom of Judah Carchemish to fight against the Allied Forces of the Medes and the Neo-Babylonian Empire through Although he tried to head toward (between Turkey and Syria), he was refused by the king of Judah, and the king of Judah died while the battle between Judah and Egypt broke out.
The Kingdom of Judah was incorporated into Egypt's territory and became a tributary state ..
Meanwhile, the battle with the Allied Forces of the New Babylonian Empire, the Medes, which was the enemy of Egypt at that time, Battle of Carchemish Defeat .. Since then, it has been forced to abandon its military advance into Syria, where Neo-Babylonian rule has become stronger.
What is Lydia born in Anatolia?
Lydia , also known as the world's first coin-using nation (With Lydia).
Phrygia Kingdom in the Anatolian Peninsula after the Hittite, which was destroyed by internal conflicts, food shortages, and the invasion of sea people around 1190 BC Was prominent, while the others were formed by small city-states. The country that has emerged under such circumstances is Lydia . is.
Located in the middle of Phrygia and Greece in the east, it could be the center of trade That, gold was produced in the territory And it had an element that prospered more than other countries.
The Kingdom of Phrygia will be invaded by the Cimmerians of the nomadic horse race who came from Ukraine. Lydia also allows the Cimmerians to invade, but repels them, and the Kingdom of Phrygia is Lydia . Will be incorporated into.
What is Neo-Babylonian? ??
Egypt Surrounds the desert, Lydia Was surrounded by mountains and was in a position where it was easy to prevent the invasion, while the Babylonian dynasties faced directly with Assyria . is.
May the Babylonian dynasty repeatedly "revolt and be suppressed" with the backing of Elam, who is next to the east, as Assyria intervenes with a flickering military force. In addition, the Babylonian dynasty is involved in a battle over the Assyrian throne and is in turmoil.
Under such circumstances, the king who took the throne Assyria due to the conflict. Begin to guide you to maintain an advantage over. And finally, media was born on the Iranian plateau in 612 BC. In cooperation with Assyria Was destroyed.
It is the most prosperous of the four countries and eliminated the Palestinian Egyptian forces in the first half of the 6th century BC. It is said that he made two Palestine expeditions to destroy the kingdom of Judah under Egyptian power, but at that time he forcibly took Jews to Babylon, the capital of Neo-Babylonian ( Babylonian captivity .> ).
What is the media born on the Iranian plateau? ??
Media boasts the largest territory of the four kingdoms that emerged at the end of the 8th century BC In this country, we are expanding its territory to Central Asia.
In the Iranian plateau, a religion called Zoroastrianism was already established before the 6th century BC, and it is said that Zoroastrianism was widely spread by the expansion of the territory of the Medes (also spread by Persian merchants).
The Medes prospered in a very short period of 60 years, and the Persian king Cyrus II who belonged to the media. It has been destroyed by the rebellion by them.
It is this Cyrus II who will build the later great empire.
What is the Achaemenid Empire built by Cyrus II?
Cyrus II's Persia was media in 550 BC And seize the Iranian plateau. Achaemenid Empire Open.
Furthermore, Assyrian Empire Three kingdoms except Egypt that emerged in the later Orient world And Elam Kingdom Was destroyed, and Babylon was opened in 539 BC. Release the Jews who were captives doing.
It is also said that the Achaemenid kings believed in Zoroastrianism, but were tolerant of other religions. Judaism Is the same as any other religious policy. Cyrus II is called the Messiah in the Old Testament, partly because he helped rebuild the temple in Jerusalem. Under the Achaemenid rule, the Jews never rebelled.
When he became the son of Cyrus II, he merged with Egypt and placed him under the rule of the Orient world, but after his death, seven aristocrats overthrew the priest after being robbed of the throne by one of the Persian priests. As a result of discussing the governing method of ...
"At sunrise, the first horse without a horse becomes the king"
The third king is decided in a slightly surprising way. There was a general who was decided by lottery in Japanese history, so it may not be rare in the world ...