A branch of the Chalukyas also flourished in Kalyani or Kalyana in the late 10th century. At that time the political situation in Dakshinapatha was constantly changing. The Rashtrakuta Empire was in shambles due to continuous invasions by the Paramara rulers of Malwa and Krishna III's weak successors - Khettiga and Karka II were not able to protect it. At the time of the last Rashtrakuta ruler, Karka II, his feudatory Chalukya dynasty Tailap II became very powerful. In 973-74 AD, Tailap II, with his power and diplomacy, captured Manyakheta, the capital of the Rashtrakutas, and established a new dynasty, 'Kalyani's Chalukya Dynasty Known as '. They were 'Western Chalukyas' Also known as.
Chalukya Dynasty
origin : Chalukya The origin details of the dynasty were first recorded in the 11th century and later by the inscriptions of the Chalukya rulers of Vengi and Kalyani, Kannada poetry of Rann poet 'Gadayudha' And Vilan's 'Vikramankadevcharit' etc. are found in the evidence. In these evidences, he has not only been said to be a descendant of the Chalukyas of Vatapi, but has also been described as a native of Ayodhya, the famous city of North India. According to this, they were the descendants of Chalukya dynasty's brother Vikramaditya, whose name is not known, but whose title was Bhima Parakram. According to the Kautham inscription of Vikramaditya VI, 59 Chalukya kings ruled in Ayodhya. After that he went to Dakshinapatha where 16 rulers ruled. The history of some subsequent generations is bleak. Then a king named Jaisinghvallabh defeated the Rashtrakutas and saved his dynasty. Contrary to this, Runn composed 'Gada Yudh' Satyashraya and Jai Singh (Vishnuvardhana) are described as the kings of Ayodhyapuri and it is said that Jai Singh defeated the Rashtrakutas and established the Chalukya kingdom in the Dakshinapatha.
Villahan's Vikramankadevcharit According to Indra's request, Brahma gave birth to a heroic man from his Chuluk (Chullu) to suppress the wicked and to end atheism, and on the name of the same heroic man, this dynasty became famous as Chalukya dynasty. In the Kalyan inscription of 1025-26 AD, Brahma has also been described as the ancestor of the Chalukyas.
The names Chalukya, Chalukya, Chalukya and Saluvik, etc., used in the inscriptions of the Chalukya rulers of Vengi and Kalyani indicate the relation of the Chalukyas to Karnataka. But J.F. Fleet and Dr. According to Bhandarkar, the Chalukyas of Kalyani were not descendants of the Chalukyas of Vatapi, because the Chalukyas of Kalyani consider themselves to be descendants of Satyasraya, while the Chalukyas of Vatapi are said to be related to Hariti Rishi and Manavyagotri. Apart from this, the Chalukya rulers of Kalyani adopted Jagadaikmalla and Tribhuvanamalla etc. Nevertheless, due consideration of all available evidence suggests that the Chalukyas were the original inhabitants of the Kannada country and the Chalukyas of Kalyani were descendants of the Chalukyas of Vatapi.
Chalukya Dynasty of Badami:Early Rulers
Early ruler of the Chalukya dynasty of Kalyani (Early Rulers of the Chalukya Dynasty of Kalyani)
The first known ruler of the Chalukya dynasty of Kalyani was Bhima, the son of the Chalukya ruler Vijayaditya (696-733 AD) and Vikramaditya, according to the Kautham, Yevoor, Nilgund and Miraj inscriptions. The brother of. After Bhima's might, Kirtivarman III, Tailap I, Vikramaditya III, Bhimraj II, Ayyan I and Vikramaditya IV ruled respectively-
Vikramaditya-Bhupal-Bhrata Bhima Parakramah.
Tatsunuh kirtivarmabhunmritaprasardidt durjanah.
Tail-Bhupastato Jato Vikramaditya Bhupathi.
Tastunurbhavattasmadbhimarajori Bhakarah.
Ayyanaryastato jagye yadvansya shriyam swakan.
Prapayanniv Vansham Svans Vvre Krishna Nandanam. Nilgund Prashasti
But there is no remarkable information about other rulers except Tailap I, Ayyan I and his son Vikramaditya IV. In a fragmentary inscription from Pattadakal, the name 'Pegde Maharjan' has been used for Tailap Maharajadhirajdev, whom some historians believe to be Tailap I. But Tailap was a simple feudal ruler, so this equation seems doubtful. In fact the Chalukyas could not become independent for many generations even after Tailap I. Additionally, Tailap is not referred to as Pegde in any other evidence.
The Nilgund inscription reveals that Ayyan married the daughter of Rashtrakuta Krishna II and had received considerable wealth from his father-in-law. Ayyan's son Vikramaditya IV was born from this Rashtrakuta princess. Vikramaditya married Bonthadevi, daughter of Kalachuri Lakshmanasena, from which Tailap II was born. This Kalachuri king was a friend of Rashtrakuta Krishna III. But taking advantage of Krishna III's involvement in the South Indian campaigns, the Chalukya king Vikramaditya of Kalyani established a strong alliance with the Kalachuris and formed a strong alliance against the Rashtrakutas, which formed the background for the decline of the Rashtrakutas and the rise of the Chalukyas.
Although there is no clear information regarding the area administered by the early Chalukya rulers and its centre, they seem to have ruled the Bijapur district of Karnataka and its adjoining areas. It is possible that he ruled as a feudatory of the Rashtrakutas. Be that as it may, it is necessary that with the accession of Tailap II, son and successor of Vikramaditya IV, the orderly history of the Chalukya dynasty of Kalyani begins and the era of greatness and dignity of this dynasty begins.
Pulakeshin II, 610-642 AD (Pulakeshin II, 610-642 AD)
Tailp II, 973–997 AD (Tailap II, 973–997 AD.)
Tailap II was the son of Vikramaditya IV, descended from the Kalachuri princess Bonthadevi. He was the first powerful and ambitious ruler of the Chalukya dynasty. In one inscription of 957 AD, Tailap II was the feudatory of Nad and in another inscription of 965 AD 'Mahasamantadhipati Ahvamalla Tailapras ' Having said. In addition, he wrote 'Maharajadhiraja', 'Parameshwar', 'Parambhattaraka', 'Samastabhuvanashraya', 'Satyashrayakulatilaka' and 'Chalukyabharan' Had also assumed titles called.
Initially Tailap II was ruling in Tardavadi under Rashtrakuta Krishna III (Kannardeva). He married the daughter of the Rashtrakuta ruler Bhamaha, who has been called Jakavve, Jakkaladevi or Javakalmahadevi. According to the Miraj copper plates, Bhamah was probably another name for the last Rashtrakuta ruler, Karka II.
Tailap greatly increased his power during the time of Rashtrakuta Krishna III, but by the time of Krishna III, the Rashtrakutas did not suffer any loss. The Rashtrakuta dynasty became very weak during the time of Krishna III's successors - Khottig and Karka II. As a result, in 973-74 AD, Tailap II defeated his Adhiraj Karka II and occupied Manyakhet and became the ruler of Rashtrakuta Empire. became. The mention of this success of his is found in the Kharogtan inscription.
Achievements of Tailap II
Victory to the Rashtrakuta feudatories: After his accession to the throne, Tailap II first campaigned to subdue the Rashtrakuta feudatories. In this sequence Shantivarma, a feudatory of Sorao taluk of Shimoga (Karnataka) district, which was earlier under Rashtrakuta king Karka, accepted the suzerainty of Tailap.
Tilapa's chief rival was the Gangas, who were feudatories of the Rashtrakutas. After the death of Marasingh, there was a war for succession in the Ganges kingdom, in which Panchaldev emerged victorious by defeating his rival Marasingh II and extended his kingdom up to the Krishna river. The growing power of Panchaladeva hindered Tailap's imperial ambitions. So it became imperative for Tailap to control him.
Tailap was initially unsuccessful against Panchal. But later he defeated and killed Panchaladeva with the help of Lord Ganga Bhutigadeva of Bellary and 'Panchalamardanapanchanan' He assumed the title of (lion in killing Panchaldev). This event would probably have happened around 977 AD. Pleased with Bhutigdev's help, Tailap gave him 'Ahavamal ' and also made the ruler of Torgale (present-day Torgal situated on the frontier of Dharwad district).
The Chalukya kingdom expanded to northern Karnataka due to the victory over Panchaladeva. After this, Tailap defeated and killed Ranastambha, the ruler of the second branch of the Ganges dynasty, who was a friend of Karka II, on central and southern Mysore around 977 AD.
Inscriptions from Bellary district show that Tailap II had assumed the title of emperor even before 976 AD, indicating his supremacy over the Nolama Pallava. In 981 AD, he confirmed the donation given earlier by Nolambarani Revaldevi. In the Banavasi area, first Knapa and then his successor brother Sobhanaras accepted the suzerainty of Tailap. Impressed by Sobhanaras's loyalty and loyalty, Tailap called him 'Giridurgamal ' and 'Samanthachudamani ' degrees were conferred. In Belgaum district, the Rattas of Saudanti had also accepted his submission, which is confirmed by the inscriptions found from Sogal and Saudanti of 980 AD.
Tailap also subjugated the Konkan region. The area between the Western Ghats to the sea and from the Purna river to the Gauna was called Konkan. The Konkan region was divided into two parts – the southern Konkan and the northern Konkan. The Shilaharvanshis of southern Konkan were the family feudatories of the Rashtrakutas. Tailap conquered southern Konkan by defeating the Shilahar ruler Avasar III or his son Rattaraj.
Yadavvanshi king Bhillam II of Seun (Daulatabad) country accepted the suzerainty of Tailap without fighting. Subsequently, Tailap took control of Lat (southern Gujarat) and appointed his general, Badappa, as the ruler of this province. Badappa succeeded against Chalukya Mulraj I, but Chahamana Vigraharaj invaded the Gurjara kingdom and took Lat under his control for some time. Tailap appointed his son Satyashraya as the crown prince, who took an active part in the wars with Shilahars and Gurjars. Thus Tailap captured all the territories except Gujarat which were earlier under the control of the Rashtrakutas. After capturing the Rashtrakuta territories, Tailap had to fight with his old enemies Cholas and Paramaras.
Clash with Cholas: Tailap II also had to contend with the Cholas, the traditional enemy of the Rashtrakutas. In an inscription dated 980 AD, Tailap was referred to as 'Indra's thunderbolt for the Cholarupi rock ' It has been told. From the time of Krishna III, there was a deep enmity between the Rashtrakutas and the Cholas over the political dominance of the south. Probably Tailap had also fought against the Cholas as Rashtrakuta feudatories. Therefore, after becoming an independent king, he became a natural enemy of the Cholas. It turns out that Tailap had defeated Uttamchola in battle sometime before 980 AD.
After Uttam Chola, the mighty Rajaraja I, under his expansionist policy, conquered Gangavadi and Nolambadi in 993 AD, which were earlier under the possession of the Rashtrakutas. Due to this expansionist policy of Rajaraja I, it was natural for him to conflict with Tailap II because Tailap considered his ancestral right over the Rashtrakuta regions.
Koggli articles of 992 AD (located in Bellary district) reveals that 'Ahavamalla defeated Cholaraj in battle and snatched 150 of his elephants It seems that Tailap defeated Rajaraja in some battle.
Struggles among the Paramaras: Tailap II had a long struggle with the Parmar dynasty of Malwa. The Parmar ruler at this time was Munj. The main reason for Tailap and Manju's enmity was the northwestern region of the Rashtrakuta Empire, which both Tailap and Manju considered their own. Tailap attacked Munj six times, but each time he was defeated. Ultimately, rejecting the advice of his minister Rudraditya, Parmar Munj crossed the Godavari and attacked the Chalukyas. This time Munj was defeated and taken prisoner.
1003 ई. के कौथेम ताम्रपत्रों से भी पता चलता है कि तैलप द्वितीय ने उत्पल (मुंज) को, जिसने हूणों, मारवों तथा चेदियों के साथ युद्धों में वीरता प्रदर्शित की थी, पराजित करने के बाद बंदी बना लिया था। विक्रमादित्य के गडक लेख में बताया गया है कि तैलप ने वीर मुंज का वध कर दिया था। भिल्लम द्वितीय के सामगनेर दानपत्र (लगभग 1000 ई. का) के अनुसार भिल्लम ने मुंज का साथ देने के कारण लक्ष्मी को दंडित किया और उसे रणरंगभीम की साध्वी पत्नी बनने को बाध्य किया। रणरंगभीम तैलप द्वितीय का ही दूसरा नाम था। मेरुतुंग के ‘प्रबंधचिंतामणि’ से पता चलता है कि तैलप द्वितीय ने मान्यखेट के कारागार में मुंज की देखरेख के लिए अपनी विधवा बहिन मृणालवती को नियुक्त किया था। किंतु वह मुंज के प्रेमपाश में फंस गई और एक दिन उसे परमार शासक से पता चला कि वह जेल से निकल भागने की योजना बना रहा है। मृणालवती ने इसकी सूचना तैलप को दे दी। इसके बाद तैलप ने मुंज को विविध प्रकार से प्रताड़ित किया और अंततः 995 ई. के आस-पास उसका वध कर दिया। इस प्रकार स्पष्ट है कि तैलप ने परमार नरेश को पराजित कर उसकी हत्या कर दी और वह मालवा के दक्षिणी क्षेत्र का भी शासक बन गया।
परवर्ती लेखों में तैलप द्वितीय को चोल, चेदि, कुंतल एवं नेपाल तक की विजय का श्रेय दिया गया है। कुल मिलाकर उसका साम्राज्य उत्तर में गोदावरी या नर्मदा नदी से लेकर दक्षिण में शिमोगा, चित्तलदुर्ग और संभवतः बेल्लारी जिलों तक, और पश्चिम में दक्षिणी कोंकण तक विस्तृत था। संभवतः उत्तरी कोंकण का भी कुछ क्षेत्र उसके अधीन था।
पुलकेशिन् द्वितीय के बाद वातापी के चालुक्य (Chalukya of Vatapi After Pulakeshin II)
तैलप एक महान् शक्तिशाली शासक था जिसने अनेक आक्रमणात्मक एवं सुरक्षात्मक युद्धों में सफलता प्राप्त की और अपने साम्राज्य का चतुर्दिक् विस्तार किया। विक्रमादित्य षष्ठ के गडक लेख के अनुसार उसने ‘चालुक्य वंश की प्रतिष्ठा को पुनःप्रतिष्ठित किया और पच्चीस वर्षों तक पृथ्वी का सुख एवं शांतिपूर्वक भोग किया।
तैलप द्वितीय विजेता एवं साम्राज्य-निर्माता होने के साथ ही साथ विद्वानों का संरक्षक भी था। उसके साम्राज्य में कन्नड़ भाषा को फलने-फूलने का अवसर मिला। उसने ‘अजितपुराण ’ के लेखक को ‘चक्रवर्ती ’ की उपाधि प्रदान की थी।
तैलप द्वितीय ने रट्ट शासक भामह की पुत्री जाकव्वे के साथ विवाह किया था। इस रानी से उसके दो पुत्र उत्पन्न हुए-सत्याश्रय और दशवर्मन या यशोवर्मन। दशवर्मन को तैलप द्वितीय ने गवर्नर नियुक्त किया था। तैलप की अंतिम ज्ञात तिथि 996 ई. है। संभवतः उसने 997 ई. तक शासन किया।
चालुक्य राजवंश (Chalukya Dynasty)
कल्याणी का चालुक्य राजवंश या पश्चिमी चालुक्य भाग- 2 (Chalukya Dynasty of Kalyani or Western Chalukya Part-2)