Today in this article we are going to tell you about the Turkic rule in Bihar – Bihar History.
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Ottoman Rule in Bihar – History of Bihar
At the time of the Ottoman invasion at the turn of the 12th and 13th winters, the region of Bihar did not become an organized political unit. The Ganges River was a geographical dividing line as well as a political boundary line between North and South Bihar. Most of northern Bihar was then ruled by the Karnat dynasty of Mithila, while south Bihar was under various minor rulers.
In the plateau region, there is a discussion of the Naga dynasty of Chotanagpur, but not in detail. The most important feature of the history of medieval Bihar has been that all these regions came under an organized political and administrative control.
The real credit for the establishment of Ottoman power in Bihar goes to Ikhtiyardin Muhammad ibn Bakhtiyar Khilji. He was the assistant of Malik Hasamuddin, the commander of Banaras and Awadh region.
He started military campaigns on the eastern side of the Karmanasha river in Bihar at the turn of the 12th and 13th. At that time the ruler of the Sen dynasty was Lakshman Sen and the ruler of the Pala dynasty was Indradhanu Pal. By making Maner the center of his military campaign, he forced Magadha and other states to surrender between 1198 and 1204 AD.
For geographical reasons, the political position of Bihar and Bengal remained the same or similar. During the Sultanate period, several independent states were formed in Bengal. Along with Bengal, he always tried to control Bihar because he wanted to develop Bihar as a front line against any attack from Delhi. As a result, the region of Bihar was becoming an arena of struggle between the Sultans of Delhi and Lakhnauti (Bengal).
There were campaigns (invasions) of Iltutmish, Balban, Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, Firoza and Sikandar Lodi in the region of Bihar. All of them tried to establish their supremacy over Bihar.
In about 1225 AD, Iltutmish took control of Bihar. But Iltutmish's successor failed to retain his control. Later Balban made campaigns in the area and suppressed the rebellion of Tugril. At this time the control of cannons was established on the southern plain along the Ganges river.
During the time of Tughlaq, mainly Bihar was dominated by the Sultans of Delhi. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq defeated the Carnatic dynasty ruler Hari Singh Dev in north Bihar while returning from the Bengal campaign in 1324.
During the Mohammad bin Tughlaq period, Majdul Mulk, the provincial governor of Bihar, launched a campaign against Hari Singh Dev and forced him to take shelter in the hills. Thus Tirhut Kshetram was merged with Tughlaq Empire and the area was named Tughlaqpur. Coins of Muhammad bin Tughlaq were received from here.
The Sultan had also built a fort and Jama Masjid in Darbhanga. Many inscriptions have been received from the areas of Gaya and Patna. The inscriptions of the Jain temples of Rajgir mention a donation to him by Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
The capital of Bihar during Tughlaq's time was in Bihar Sharif. The state of Bihar was named Bihar probably during this period. The Mahavihara of Odantapuri and many other viharas were present here in Bihar Sharif. It is believed that due to these controversies the state got its name.