From 1206 to 1526 AD, the rulers of the Delhi Sultanate ruled over North India. The Delhi Sultanate died and was ruled by the Afghan dynasty which were as follows-
- Ghulam dynasty 1206 to 1290 AD
- Khilji dynasty 1290 to 1320 AD
- Tughlaq dynasty from 1320 to 1414 AD
- Lodi dynasty 1451 to 1526 AD
Slave Lineage
Slave dynasty is also known as Ilbari, Mamluk and Das dynasty. The name Mamluk is given by the historian Hibubullah.
Qutubuddin Aibak (1206 – 10 AD)
The first Ottoman ruler of Delhi was Qutubuddin Aibak. After the death of Muhammad Ghori in 1206 AD, he declared himself an independent ruler in Lahore. With the help of his general's motherland, Qutubuddin Aibak subjugated Bengal and appointed another Mardan Khan as the subedar there. Because of his generosity, Qutubuddin Aibak was called Lakhbak.
He got the Kuwait-ul-Islam Mosque built in Delhi and laid the foundation of Qutub Minar. Later, he got a two-and-a-half-day hut built. He died in Lahore in 1210 AD while playing Chaugan. The Tomb of A Book is located in Lahore.
Iltutmish (1210 – 36 AD)
After the death of Qutbuddin Aibak, Aramsah was made the emperor, but the Amirs of Delhi appointed Iltutmish as the new ruler. Iltutmish made a group of forty Turk chieftains Turkan-i-Chalgani or Chalisa. Hindutva It implemented the Iqta system. Coins named Jital and Taka should be issued. The jital was a copper coin, while the taka was a silver coin.
Razia Sultan (1236 – 40 AD)
Iltutmish appointed his daughter Razia as his successor. Razia was the first and last woman ruler of the Delhi Sultanate. She became the ruler of Delhi in 1236 AD. Razia Begum appointed Alauddin Jigar as Amir-e-Akhur (head of the horse house). Razia used to wear Kuba (coat) and Kulha (cap) like men to the court.
Naseeruddin Muhammad (1240 – 65 AD)
After Razia, Bahram Shah, Masood Shah and Nasruddin Mohammad became the rulers. Minhaj was in the post of Chief Qazi during that time of Siraj Nasiruddin Mohammad. His book is Tabaqat-e-Nasiri dedicated to this. Naib-e-Mamlikat was appointed during the reign of Balban Nasiruddin Muhammad.
Balban (1266 – 87 AD)
After the death of Nasruddin Mohammed in 1266 AD, Nasruddin Muhammad became the ruler of Balwant, who gave the title of Ulugh Khan to Balwan in 1249 AD. Balban followed the policy of hard iron and blood towards his opponents. He established the military department Deewane Arz and started the Iran festival Nauroz. Balban had started the practice of sajida (lying down) and paivos.
Khilji Dynasty
Allauddin Firoz Khilji (1290 – 96 AD)
Jalaluddin Firoz Khilji became the Sultan of Delhi in 1290 AD. Before becoming the Sultan, he was the Iqtadar of Bulandshahr. During this time, Queen Fakir Sidi Maula was crushed under the feet of an elephant. After killing Jalaluddin Firoz Khilji in 1296 AD, Alauddin Khilji became the ruler of Delhi.
Alauddin Khilji (1296 – 1316 AD)
During the reign of Jalaluddin Khilji, Alauddin Khilji was Kada Manikpur. Invaded in 1206 AD. Enthused by his loved ones, Alauddin Khilji assumed the title of Sikandar-e-Sani. Organized the department of Alauddin and formed a standing army. Introduced the practice of keeping Hulia for the soldiers. The method of firing the horse was also started. Alauddin Khilji is known for his market control system. He appointed Diwan-i-Riyasat, Shahna-i-Mandi for price control. Badi and Munhiyan belonged to the Intelligence Department. Qutbuddin Mubarak Khilji became the ruler after the death of Alauddin. So many assumed the title of Khalifa.