Onin War Is 1467 8th Shogun, Ashikaga Yoshimasa , mainly in Kyoto The East Army Katsumoto Hosokawa started with the battle for successors And the West Army Yamana Sozen It is a large-scale civil war that has continued for 11 years and has developed into a power struggle with each other.
Throughout my school days, I think many people have remembered that it was a very important turning point in history.
In the history of Japan, this Onin War We will enter the Warring States period as a result.
This time, I tried to summarize the Onin War in an easy-to-understand manner.
It's a feature film with illustrations, but please keep in touch. Perhaps, if you look at this, you can grasp the Onin War.
Causes of Onin War and historical background
Onin War The origin of this is Hatakeyama , a leading guardian daimyo at that time. And Mr. Shiba It all started with a family dispute.
Katsumoto Hosokawa And Yamana Sozen Became the backing of each and developed into a conflict. In addition to that, the issue of the succession of the shogun was added, and the two sides were in conflict.
Mr. Hatakeyama And Shiba , Mr. Hosokawa Is three territories Yamana Is one of the family members who took turns at the top of the samurai-dokoro.
Detailed Japanese History (Yamakawa Shuppansha) p.119, Modified the mechanism of the Muromachi Shogunate
When the two people who were at the center of the shogunate fought, the other guardian daimyo had to fight, and the war spread all over the country.
What was the shogun family like at that time? ??
The shogun at that time was the 8th shogun, Ashikaga Yoshimasa , who is familiar with Higashiyama culture and Ginkaku. is.
Before talking about Yoshimasa, Yoshimasa's father and 6th Shogun Yoshinori I'm going to talk about the religion lightly because it has changed a lot in my generation.
In the first place, Yoshinori is the opposite type to the 5th Shogun who was a politician of the adjustment type. The tragedy began when he was originally at the top of the religious world, but he became a general in many ways.
Yoshinori was an amateur in the world of politics, but maybe because he was afraid of a decline in authority terror politics Move to.
As a result, Yoshinori was killed in 1441 by Mr. Akamatsu, one of the four professions . (Kakitsu Incident), his brother, who was 9 years old at the time, became a shogun. However, his brother died of illness less than a year after becoming a shogun (there are various theories about the cause of death).
Let's get back to Yoshimasa. Yoshimasa Was decided to become a shogun at the age of eight, and in 1449 became a shogun.
Yoshimasa at the beginning of the shogun's inauguration (Yoshinari at this time) tries to be actively involved in politics, but he is only 14 years old. Those who were close to Yoshimasa (Yoshimasa) couldn't leave it alone and started to talk.
Still, the Kyotoku turbulence that occurred in the Kanto region in 1455. For example
Actively intervene. Send his half-brother Masatomo. In the first place, during his father's religion era, the shogunate and Kamakura-fu seemed to be holding back even though they were terrible.
So Yoshimasa tried to suppress Kamakura-fu by sending his half-brother as a formal Kamakura Koga ...
The samurai in the Kanto region oppose the fact that the shogunate tried to take control. After all, that direction doesn't work. So, his half-brother set up a base in Izu Horikoshi Horikoshi Kubo I will try to summarize Kanto as. Yoshimasa Then arranged to send the army again to help his half-brother.
However, Yoshitoshi Saba as general general Is
He returns because of a mess with the Shugodai in his hometown of Echizen. In addition to that, political turmoil continued due to repeated conflicts between subordinates and guardian daimyo.
In addition, Kyotoku Ran In the same year that occurred in Kanto
16-year-old Tomiko from the Hino family Came to her regular room. Speaking of the Hino family, it is also her mother's parents' home.
Yoshimasa in addition to the repeated guardian house turmoil He himself became troubled by political intervention with the Hino family ...
Over time, he will immerse himself in the world of cultural hobbies such as tea, Noh and flower arrangement. As a result, Higashiyama culture and Ginkaku construction However, it naturally caused political confusion.
Of course, the shogunate must be moved, so the practice is Katsumoto Hosokawa . And the four intellectuals Yamana Sozen I will leave it to you. In this way, Hosokawa and Yamana are the central figures of the Muromachi Shogunate . As a result, he took control of politics.
Katsumoto Hosokawa and Sozen Yamana
Let's summarize a little about Mr. Hosokawa and Yamana, who were playing a central role in the shogunate.
Mr. Hosokawa has been a Kanrei of the Ashikaga Shogunate since the Nanbokucho period. It is a prestigious country that has served many times, and had eight branch countries in Kinai, Shikoku, and Sanyo.
Katsumoto Hosokawa Began to stand out from a young age, such as serving as a Kanrei under Yoshimasa at the age of 16 in 1445. He built Ryoanji Temple and Tamba Ryokoji Temple in Kyoto and studied medical techniques [ Reiranshu . ], He was also a person with many hobbies, such as waka poems, paintings, and inuoumono *.
* Inuoumono is one of the horse-riding archery techniques that was actively performed among samurai who aimed to improve their martial arts from the Kamakura period to the middle of the Muromachi period. Training in which an archer practices shooting an arrow at a dog running around the circle from the circumference on a circular riding ground.
Hatakeyama, one of the same three territories for Hosokawa, is a political enemy.
I think I was thinking about this.
On the other hand, Mr. Yamana is a Sanin guardian daimyo for generations. Has prospered as.
1433 Yamana Sozen who inherited the family reign (Mochitoyo) is 1441 Kakitsu Incident Named after defeating Mitsusuke Akamatsu, who assassinated Shogun Ashikaga Yoshinori. He was a red-faced master and was called "Akairi-michi". Like Katsumoto, he was good at waka poetry and painting, and was also an excellent person in literary arts.
This Kakitsu Incident He was given the guardianship of Bizen, Mimasaka, and Harima (originally Mr. Akamatsu was the guardian), and grew into a leading guardian with seven countries across Sanin and Sanyo. We are in the heyday of the Yamana clan.
For Mr. Hosokawa, it would have been impossible to leave the influential guardian with the divisions of the seven neighboring countries, and for Mr. Yamana, the connection with the Kanrei would have been very important.
That's why the interests of both parties were in agreement.
Marriage of convenience and relatives Build is.
Yamana Sozen Is 舅 for Katsumoto Hosokawa Katsumoto He himself adopted Sozen's real child, Toyohisa, and both became relatives.
As you know, the fact that a real child was born after being adopted by a person without a firstborn may lead to future conflicts, but the same was true for the Hosokawa clan. Katsumoto Hosokawa Abandoned Toyohisa and pushed it into the Buddhist gate Sozen Is furious.
This case is a major factor that worsens the relationship between Katsumoto Hosokawa and Sozen Yamana . have become.
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