Hojo Soun , often mentioned as a pioneer on Gekokujo Was a military commander who was active in the early Sengoku period, and his ambitious way of life, which grew from a ronin to a daimyo, had a great influence on the later Sengoku warlords.
Saito Dosan / Matsunaga Hisahide Along with [ brutal and violent boss of bad guys 】 Atsuo However, in this era, it is a fact that we cannot survive without the wrongdoing of being evacuated by people, and there are many people who are doing digging things other than them.
Dosan, Hisahide, and Sakumo are all very talented people, and it remains in the historical records that they had good politics in the territory they controlled. Actually Matsunaga Hisahide Something is said to be a talented person with a lot of loyalty (to the Miyoshi clan !?).
Relationship with Mr. Hojo, the governor of the Kamakura Shogunate
When I hear Hojo, there is Mr. Hojo who has left his power as he wishes as the authority of the Kamakura period, but he has no blood connection with Mr. Hojo of Saun. Therefore, Mr. Hojo in the Kamakura period was [ Hojo ] And Mr. Hojo starting from Hojo Soun [ Gohojo ] Is called.
By the way, the family crest looks the same at first glance, but there is a slight difference. The above is the family crest of Mr. Gohojo, and the following is the family crest of Mr. Hojo. Do you see that Mr. Gohojo is a little flatter?
Mr. Gohojo's family crest
Crest of Hojo clan
In the first place, while Hojo Soun is alive, [ Hojo ] I never used the surname, and I actually used the second generation Ujitsu From the second generation, he began to call himself Hojo in order to inherit the authority of the Hojo clan, who was in charge of the Kamakura period. If you know the circumstances, it seems that it cannot be said that it has nothing to do with Mr. Hojo.
During the lifetime of Sakumo, he seems to have given himself the surname of Ise. In addition, the name of Soun is also Hojo's Bodaiji Temple in Hakone Yumoto [ Sounji ] It is thought that it was a name given to posterity because it was. In this article, I would like to unify with [Hayaun] for convenience.
Ise Moritoki =Hojo Soun Please think that.
Hojo Soun's family
The family of Hojo Soun is the Mandokoro Butler of the Muromachi Shogunate. Btsutyuu Ebarago 300 Kan Ise Morisada of the owner of Takakoshiyama Castle Is said to be his father. Mandokoro deacon is responsible for the shogunate's money balance So, it seems that his power was great because he not only put in and out money, but also arbitrated and decided civil lawsuits for lending and borrowing money.
It is often said that he became a ruler of Sagami and Odawara from a ronin, but since this is more interesting in terms of story, it is said to be a dramatized anecdote.
Famous family Ise Morisada's child As in 1456 [ Isemoriki ] Was born, and it is said to be Hojo Soun later. In the record, Ise Sadaoki There was a brother who said, but since there is no record from a certain time, it is possible that he passed away early, and it is thought that Sakumo was treated as a firstborn from early on.
Relationship between Mr. Imagawa and Mr. Ise
1467 Onin War When, Yoshitada Imagawa, the guardian of Suruga, went up to the Muromachi Palace and belonged to the East Army to protect the shogun. At this time, Yoshitada Imagawa Is Sadachika Ise It seems that he used to go to the mansion frequently. This loyal parent is the brother of Sakumo's father, Ise Morisada's wife, and seems to have been close to Morisada and Yoshitada Imagawa.
At that edge, Sakumo's older sister, Kitagawa-dono Was married to Yoshitada Imagawa and in 1471 Imagawa Ujichika ( Yoshimoto Imagawa's father ) I will give birth. That is why Yoshimoto Imagawa and Soun Hojo have a relative relationship.
Relationship between Hojo Soun and the Imagawa family
- 1471 Hojo Soun =15 years old There is a signature of Ise Moritoki (Souun) in the text issued in Bichu Ebara Township, and it is a territory on behalf of my father who is active in Kyoto. Management Is believed to have done.
- 1476 Battle of Shiobuzaka This is a battle that was carried out as part of the Imagawa family's advance into Totomi. Shirobei Yokochi and Ryo Katsumada who disobeyed the life of Tadayoshi Imagawa However, he was killed in action by being attacked by the remnants. Mr. Imagawa, who is absent from the owner, has a family head dispute, and Kitagawa-dono escapes with her young parents. The Imagawa clan's struggle for the reign of the family is the key to the breakthrough of Hayakumo ...
In the battle for the Imagawa clan, Horikoshi Kubo and Ashikaga Masatomo and Kanto Kanrei and Uesugi Masatomo were on the side of Norimitsu Oshika. strong> * To rely on Ise Morisada.
* Shinjishu is one of the positions of the Muromachi Shogunate, and is the agent who acts as an intermediary for the names and requirements of those who have visited the Shogunate.
Ise Morisada in response to the intention of the Muromachi Shogunate Sakumo heads for Suruga on behalf of the two, and a consensus is reached between them. The content of the controversy is Imagawa Ujichika Norimitsu Oshika until he grows up On behalf of the family in the land of Sufu To do. This event deepened the bond between Hojo Soun and the Imagawa family, and became a stepping stone to advance into the Kanto region.
- 1479 Issuance of a general secretary of the Imagawa clan's inheritance. Norimitsu Oshika acting as a family reign even after his parents are over 15 years old He wouldn't give up his seat.
- 1481? Souun, who will be appointed to the Shinji group of Yoshihisa Ashikaga, has been in the position of [ Shinkuro Ise since this time. ] Names will be recorded frequently.
- 1486 Edo Castle turbulence breaks out Ogiya Uesugi family, Uesugi Sadamasa Ota Dokan who supported Norimitsu Oka Was assassinated, weakening the power base of the fawn faction. It's an opportunity and Kitagawa-dono asks Saun for help to avenge Norimitsu Oshika.
- Inaugurated as Shogun's Hokōshu (Shogun's Guard) in 1487
Child's Hojo Ujitsu Was born, and Sakumo himself was inaugurated as a public servant at the time when he was 30 years old.
Hokoshu Is like a shogun's guard. The Muromachi Shogunate left the control of each country to the guardian, but a guard was needed to prevent each country from expanding its power by adding domestic samurai as vassals.
Samurai who became a public servant such as Sayamo are [ general's vassals as well as guardians. ] I had pride and independence. When entering the battle, he receives direct orders from the general and comes under the command of the guardian to join the lead.
- 1487 Suruga raid
The attack on Suruga causes Norimitsu Oshika to commit suicide. As a result, Imagawa Ujichika was able to enter Suruga, and two years later he was able to succeed the Imagawa family as the reign of the family.
At this time, Sakumo did not return to Kyo to support Imagawa's parents, but decided to serve as a vassal of the Imagawa family. From the Imagawa family Kokokuji Castle Given, Hojo Soun (at the time of Isemori) Is Kokokuji Castle have become.
Hojo Soun's invasion of Izu
Hojo Soun (at the time of Isemori) who was the owner of Kokokuji Castle Was born with his second son, Hojo Uji, and lived a smooth sailing life.
At that time, in Izu, there is a dispute over the family of Horikoshi Kubo.
Sakumo's invasion of Izu and recapture of Odawara Castle
- 1491 Horikoshi Kubo's family struggle for the Soshu riot broke out
When Masatomo Ashikaga of Horikoshi died, his eldest son, Chachamaru, murdered Enman-in and his half-brother Jundoji, and forcibly succeeded the family and became the de facto Horikoshi. In addition, Chachamaru was a chief retainer Toyama and Akiyama from 1491 to 1501. Also killed.
Yoshizumi Ashikaga who became a new shogun For him, Chachamaru became a hateful murderer of his real mother and his younger brother. Hojo Soun's order to slay Izu is directly influenced by the reign of Horikoshi Kubo and the birth of a new shogun.
- 1493 Izu's defeated 11th Shogun Ashikaga Yoshizumi Sayaun invades Izu with an order to subdue Chachamaru. It is said that the Warring States period began with this entry into Izu. Background of Hojo Soun's Izu slaughter
It is said that the conflict between Kyoto and the Kanto region has a great influence on this Izu slaughter.
At this time, Sakumo did not invade Izu because of his ambition to rule the country, but he was involved in the conflict. The Kyoto conflict was 1493 by Masamoto Hosokawa. Due to the political change of Meio, the conflict between the Shogunate and Horikoshi Kubo will become stronger.
Horikoshi Kubo at this time was Chachamaru So, he was supported by Mr. Yamanouchi Uesugi, who is in the Kanto region, and Takeda Nobutsuna, who is the guardian of Kai Province. Mr. Yamanouchi Uesugi was in a dispute with Mr. Uesugi Ogiya, a guardian of the Sagami Province, in the Kanto dispute called the Nagakaku Ran, and Nobutsuna Takeda was also quarreling with his father Nobumasa Takeda and his younger brother Nobuyoshi Takeda, who had retired in Japan. From ...
"Horikoshi Kubo, Yamanouchi Uesugi, Takeda Nobutsuna"
vs
"Bakufu, Mr. Uesugi Ogiya, Nobumasa Takeda"
The composition of the conflict,, has been completed.
Which did Hojo Soun belong to?
Mr. Imagawa and Mr. Hosokawa have a close relationship, and at this time, as the Shogunate side, Horikoshi Kubo Is attacking.
Sakumo, who is based in Fuji-gun, which is located in the east of Suruga Province, was the forerunner of the Imagawa army.
At this point, I am cooperating with Mr. Uesugi Ogiya, who is fighting for control over Sagami Province later, in a friendly relationship with Izu.
According to the common wisdom, Izu was slaughtered with the aim of confusion at the Horikoshi Imperial Palace, but at that time, Sakumo was alone [ Horikoshi Kubo, Kanto Kanrei, Kai Province Guardian . ] Was not powerful enough to stand up to the coalition.
In other words, Sakumo was linked to Masamoto's coup d'etat in Kyoto and attacked the opposition of Izu Province as General Imagawa.
- In 1495, Izu Heisei was achieved by Izu Heisei, and when his residence was moved to Nirayama Castle (currently Izunokuni City), Izu's rule began. Governance of Izu by Hojo Soun
Sakumo, who entered Izu, touched the territory and [ If you join an ally, you will be relieved of the territory . I promise, but [ If you don't participate, you will ruin your crops and destroy your home . ], But strictly prohibiting violent wolf clan to soldiers and nursing the sick Good politics To give.
At that time, every country had heavy taxes, five public and five people . Then Jinsei It is said that it was not uncommon to have seven public and three people in a terrible country. Izu Province is also suffering from heavy taxes, and Sakumo abolished the heavy taxes [ Four Public Six People ] It is said that the lords were delighted when the tax was changed.
Due to this good government, the samurai and territories of Izu followed Saun, Shogen Takahashi, Ichinosuke Murata, and Taro Yamamoto . Etc. have joined the vassals of Sakumo.
In this way, while laying a good government in Izu Province, it took five years to settle the Izu region. He is planning to advance into Sagami Province in parallel with Izu's flattening business, and recommends the capture of Odawara Castle.
- 1494 The Uesugi family's Uesugi Akisada (Kanto Kanrei) broke out in 1494. Uesugi Sadamasa of the Ogiya Uesugi family fought, and the Ogiya Uesugi family approached Hojo Soun.
- 1495 Hojo Soun seizes Odawara Castle
If Izu Izu is in my hands, I would like to concentrate on the reconstruction of the country for a while, but Sayamo will soon advance to Sagami. Again, not because of ambition, but because there was a reason to do it.
For the reason that it can be said that it is the fate of the Sengoku daimyo, it was necessary to maintain the territory by giving the increased territory as a reward to the vassals who won the territorial expansion battle. Under such circumstances, there was a chance that Odawara castle owner, Ujiyori Omori, who was a key point of Nishi Sagami, would die.
For a long time, Sakumo was in a bad mood by giving things to Ujiyori Omori's child, Fujiyori. This strategy was successful, and Fujiyori was able to forgive Sakumo. Sakumo, who saw the death of his father, Mr. Yori, as a chance [ If I was hunting deer in Izu, the prey escaped to the mountain behind Odawara Castle, so I want you to put in a force to drive the prey. > ] And delivered the letter.
Fujiyori, unaware of Sakumo's plot, accepted the offer in two replies.
Then, in September 1495, a group of Sakumo dressed as Seiko attacked Odawara Castle from the back mountain at once, and Fujiyori was able to protect the castle and fell.
- 1504 Battle of Tachikawahara Uesugi Akisada of the Yamanouchi Uesugi family Is Uesugi Asayoshi of the Ogiya Uesugi family Kawagoe Castle Attack on. Asara asks Sakumo and the Imagawa clan for reinforcements and plays a siege at Kawagoe Castle. Therefore, Akisada advances soldiers to attack Edo Castle.
Hojo Soun's Sagami Unified Edition
Hojo Soun who dropped Odawara Castle and gained a foothold in Sagami Province Is the Ogiya Uesugi family, Uesugi Asayoshi We aim to unify Sagami Province with military cooperation as the cause.
Hojo Soun's Sagami Heisei- In 1505, the daughter of Yoshimoto Imagawa, the prince of Dainagon, married Imagawa Ujichika. She was later called the Suruga Nun General [ Jukei-ni . ] And I'm Yoshimoto Imagawa's mother.
- 1506 Odawara kenchi We will carry out kenchi around Odawara. The first case of a kenchi by a Sengoku daimyo It will be. In the same year, Sakumo leads the Imagawa army to fight against Matsudaira Nagachika of Mikawa, but is defeated.
- 1508 Totomi Mamoru The Imagawa family officially Totomi Mamoru Will be appointed to. Until this time, although he was the lord of a country, he often went to war as a military commander of the Imagawa clan, but after 1509, he no longer goes to war as a military commander of the Imagawa clan. Since then, officially independent from the Imagawa family I think he tried to make a full-scale entry into Sagami Province.
- July 1509 Going to Echigo Uesugi Akisada Is Tamekage Nagao In response to the departure from Echigo to subdue, Sakumo takes a chance to depart to control Ogiya and Uesugi Asayoshi.
- Uesugi Akisada who was in the field after the Echigo in 1510 Will be struck by Tamekage Nagao in the face of revenge. Like Hojo Soun, the Nagao family, who was the chief retainer of the Yamanouchi-Uesugi family as Gekokujo, defeated Uesugi Kenbo and robbed Shirai Castle, forming an alliance with Hojo Soun.
- July 1510 Miura's invasion of Sagami Yoshiatsu Miura, who has been attacking in the battle with the Uesugi family, captures Sumiyoshi fortress in Sakumo and approaches Odawara to hunt down Sakumo. I did. However, when I saw the reconciled early clouds, I quickly pulled it up.
- August 1512 Miura subjugation battle
Sakumo, who suffered a painful defeat, decided to subdue the Miura clan, thinking that it was Sagami Heisei rather than capturing Uesugi. August 1512 , Sakumo takes advantage of the internal conflict of Koga Koga and causes Okazaki Castle, the home of Miura Yoshiatsu, to fall. Next, he also captured Oba Castle and Miura Yoshiatsu . Escaped to Sumiyoshi Castle in Zushi Kotsubo, which is protected by his younger brother Michika, and fought a thorough battle.
This Sumiyoshi castle was a natural fortress and did not fall immediately, but in order to cut off the Ogiya Uesugi and Miura clan for restraint, he started the construction of Tamanojo castle in Ofuna and put his second son's time there.
- January 1513 Kamakura Battle
In this battle, when Michika Miura was killed and Sumiyoshi Castle fell, Yoshiatsu Miura escaped and stood in Misaki Castle to request the reinforcements of Asayoshi Uesugi. The Uesugi army leads the reinforcements and rushes under Miura Yoshiatsu, but is repelled by Saun. Furthermore, Miura Yoshiatsu Will be a siege in Arai Castle.
At the same time, Sakumo succeeds in taking control of the Gokenins and powerful tribes except the Miura clan, who entered Kamakura and is a siege in Sagami Province. After that, he could not attack Miura Yoshiatsu, who was a siege, but he could not attack the natural fortress that protruded into the sea, and it took about three years to start the siege operation.
- July 1516 Sagami Heisei It started to move when Uesugi Asara sent reinforcements from Edo Castle to the Miura Peninsula in response to repeated requests for reinforcements. With this reinforcement, Sakumo will leave 2000 people in the enclosure of the Miura family in Arai Castle, and prepare the remaining 5000 people for Uesugi's reinforcements and destroy them. The eve of the final battle with Miura
Knowing that Uesugi's reinforcements have been defeated, Yoshiatsu Miura decides to defeat him at the end.
On the eve of the castle,
[ Fall what you think is falling! Kill those who think you will die and keep your name in posterity! ]
I said and had a feast.
Despite this crisis, no one has escaped from the castle, and the next morning they open the gate and rush into the enemy camp. The soldiers of the Miura army who were prepared to die were terrible, and the Sayaun army was inferior at one point, such as the death of a powerful vassal, but the Miura army was exhausted and septed to return to the castle.
Among them, Miura Yoshiatsu is said to have been seppuku at the recommendation of his son.
After seeing his father's seppuku, his son, Yoshioki Miura, rushed into the enemy and died at the young age of 21, destroying the prestigious Miura family who ruled the peninsula for 450 years.
When entering after the fall of the castle. This bay is [ Aburatsubo ] It seems that it came to be called. In this way, after a fierce battle with Mr. Miura, Hojo Soun settled Sagami as a whole.
Hojo Soun after Sagami Heisei
After that, he traveled by sea to the Boso Peninsula in order to secure the Izu and Sagami navy and support the Takeda clan in Kazusa by adding the people of Sagami to the umbrella. 1517 I was devoted to the battle.
And Hojo Souun Hojo Ujitsu in 1518. In 1519 Death To do.
Yoshimoto Imagawa in the same year as Sakumo's death Was born, and two years later, Takeda Shingen Is born.
As a Sengoku daimyo, first kenchi East country's first bunkokuho Belief that the subject of the country is a farmer I laid a good government in the land of Sagami.
According to the Hojo clan's precepts, [ Don't lie to all the people above and below, even if it's just a word and a half ] There is.
The Hojo clan, who faithfully adhered to this family moral and laid down good politics in this Sagami region, was the only warring lord of the Hojo clan until it was attacked by Odawara by Toyotomi Hideyoshi's 200,000 large army. It seems that there was no conflict.