In cathedral schools and universities, which emerged later in the medieval period, teachers were often scholars or intellectuals who held positions such as professors, lecturers, or masters. These educators specialized in specific disciplines, such as theology, law, medicine, or liberal arts, and engaged in teaching and research to advance their respective fields of knowledge.
Additionally, there were also itinerant teachers known as "wandering scholars" or "goliards" who traveled from town to town, offering their services as educators and entertainers. They often possessed a wide range of knowledge and skills, and their teachings contributed to the dissemination of ideas and information across different regions.