Archaeological evidence suggests that socks were worn as early as the 10th century. Socks found in archaeological sites from this time period are typically made of wool or linen, and they often feature decorative patterns. One of the earliest examples of socks is the "Sutton Hoo socks," which were found at the Sutton Hoo Anglo-Saxon burial ship in England and are now housed in the British Museum. These socks date to the 7th century and are made of wool with a turned hem and a decorative stripe.
As the Middle Ages progressed, socks became increasingly common and began to be worn by people of all social classes. Wealthy individuals might wear socks made of silk or other luxurious materials, while peasants and laborers would wear socks made of wool or leather. Socks were also often used as a form of currency, with people trading them for other goods or services.
By the late Middle Ages, socks were an essential part of European dress. They were worn by both men and women, and they were seen as a sign of respectability and modesty.