The lower classes, on the other hand, typically bathed much less often, perhaps only once a month or even less. This was due to several factors, including lack of access to hot water, soap, and privacy. Public bathhouses were available in some cities, but they were often considered places of ill repute and avoided by respectable people. As a result, many people relied on simple washing using a basin or rag and cold water.
In addition to these class-based differences, bathing habits were also influenced by religious beliefs. Some religious groups, such as the Puritans, viewed bathing as a form of self-indulgence and discouraged it. They believed that too much bathing could lead to sin and moral decay. As a result, some people went to great lengths to avoid bathing, even to the point of wearing multiple layers of clothing to avoid the need to wash.
However, there were also dissenting voices who argued in favor of frequent bathing. Some doctors and medical professionals believed that bathing was important for preventing disease and maintaining good health. They advocated for regular bathing and even developed new methods and techniques to make it more practical and affordable.
Overall, bathing habits in the 16th century varied widely and were influenced by a variety of factors, including social class, location, religious beliefs, and medical knowledge.