Nobility and Royalty:
Castles were primarily associated with medieval nobility and royalty. Kings, queens, princes, dukes, counts, and other members of the upper echelons of society resided in castles. These fortifications provided them with security, comfort, and a base from which to exercise their authority.
Feudal Lords:
Feudal lords were powerful landowners who controlled vast territories during the Middle Ages. They constructed castles as defensive strongholds and administrative centres for their fiefdoms. Castles allowed them to protect their lands, assert their authority over vassals, and maintain social order.
Knights:
Knights were professional warriors who were granted land and privileges in exchange for military service. Many knights lived in castles, forming an important part of the castle's garrison. They trained, prepared for battles, and served as protectors of the castle and its inhabitants.
Religious Orders:
Some religious orders, particularly military orders such as the Knights Templar or the Knights Hospitaller, also occupied castles. These fortified structures served as headquarters and bases of operation for their religious and military activities.
Peasants and Serfs:
Peasants and serfs, who formed the majority of the medieval population, often lived in or near castles. They sought protection from the castle's walls during times of conflict or unrest. In return, they provided labour and services to the castle's residents.
Castles, therefore, acted as hubs of political, military, social, and economic life during the Middle Ages. They were central to the feudal system, provided strategic defensive positions, and accommodated a diverse range of individuals and social groups.