1. Captain: The captain was the overall commander of the ship, responsible for making decisions, navigating, and ensuring the safety and security of the ship and crew.
2. Master: The master was the chief navigational officer who kept track of the ship's position, course, and progress while at sea.
3. Pilot: The pilot was responsible for guiding the ship into and out of port and through unfamiliar waters. Pilots had extensive knowledge of local waterways and tides.
4. Boatswain: The boatswain was in charge of the deck crew and responsible for maintaining the ship's sails, rigging, and overall appearance. They oversaw the loading and unloading of cargo and supplies.
5. Carpenter: The carpenter maintained and repaired the ship's hull, masts, and other wooden parts. They were crucial in preventing leaks and ensuring the seaworthiness of the ship.
6. Gunner: The gunner was in charge of the ship's weaponry and ammunition. They oversaw the maintenance of cannons and small arms and were responsible for firing during battles or self-defense.
7. Surgeon: Tudor ships often had a surgeon on board to assist with medical needs of the crew. The surgeon treated illnesses, injuries, and provided basic medical care.
8. Purser: The purser was responsible for handling financial matters, keeping accounts, and ensuring that the crew received their wages. They also maintained the ship's stores and provisions.
9. Cook: The cook was tasked with preparing meals for the crew, ensuring that they had sufficient and nutritious food during long voyages.
10. Cabin Boy/Apprentice: Often young boys were employed as cabin boys or apprentices. They performed various tasks on board, such as cleaning, assisting the crew, and learning the skills necessary to become sailors or officers.
These jobs and positions reflect the diverse roles and responsibilities necessary to operate a Tudor ship and maintain a successful voyage.