This region, characterized by its lush rainforest, fertile soils, and abundant water resources, provided a favorable environment for the development of complex societies. The Olmecs established several major ceremonial centers within their heartland, including San Lorenzo, La Venta, Tres Zapotes, and Laguna de los Cerros.
Beyond their core area, the Olmec influence extended throughout Mesoamerica, influencing other cultures and societies. Evidence of Olmec cultural traits and iconography has been found at various sites in Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador, and Honduras, indicating a wide-reaching sphere of interaction.