Egyptian flagellum (also known as bilharzia or schistosomiasis) is a parasitic disease caused by trematode flatworms (schistosomes) of the genus Schistosoma. This infection is primarily associated with certain freshwater environments where certain species of aquatic snails, which serve as intermediate hosts for the parasite, thrive. It affects more than 200 million people globally, predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa, parts of the Middle East, Southeast Asia, parts of the Caribbean, and Eastern South America.