2. Political pressures: The Roman government faced internal political pressures from various groups, including plebeians (common citizens), wealthy patricians, and emerging social classes. These groups often advocated for changes to the laws that favored their interests.
3. Expansion of the Roman Empire: As the Roman Empire expanded, the Romans came into contact with diverse cultures, legal systems, and traditions. This led to the incorporation of new ideas and perspectives into Roman law, prompting changes to the Twelve Tables.
4. Practical challenges: The Twelve Tables, while comprehensive for their time, did not address all possible legal scenarios or provide detailed guidelines for certain situations. New laws were needed to fill these gaps and provide more specific regulations.
5. Influence of legal experts and scholars: Over time, a class of legal experts and scholars emerged in Rome who studied and interpreted the laws. Their intellectual contributions, legal commentaries, and case analyses contributed to the development and modification of the laws.
6. Social and economic transformations: The Roman economy underwent significant changes, from a primarily agrarian society to a more urban and commercial economy. These transformations created new legal needs, such as regulations governing trade, property, and contracts.
7. Political reforms: The Roman government underwent political reforms, such as the transition from the Republic to the Empire. These changes required adjustments to the laws to reflect the new political structure and power dynamics.
Overall, the changes to the laws in the Twelve Tables were driven by a combination of social, cultural, political, and economic factors that shaped Roman society over time.