1) This Anglo-Saxon surname comes from the Old English loden, meaning 'coverlet', 'blanket', or 'cloak made of felt'. The word later became looden in the 14th century. The name was generally given to 'the weaver of coverlets'. This surname is mostly from Yorkshire.
2) German: habitational name from any of several places called Loden in Baden-Württemberg, Franconia, and elsewhere.
3) Dutch: regional name for someone from Loden, Friesland, Netherlands.