From Europe to the Americas:
* Plants:
* Wheat, barley, oats, rye, rice
* Corn, tomatoes, potatoes, beans
* Sugarcane, bananas, oranges, lemons, limes
* Coffee, cocoa, vanilla
* Animals:
* Horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, goats
* Chickens, ducks, geese
* Diseases:
* Smallpox, measles, mumps, yellow fever, malaria
From the Americas to Europe:
* Plants:
* Corn
* Potatoes
* Tomatoes
* Beans
* Animals:
* Turkeys
* Guinea pigs
* Diseases:
* Syphilis
Impact of the Columbian Exchange
The Columbian Exchange had a significant impact on both the Americas and Europe, affecting everything from agriculture and trade to population growth and culture:
* Agriculture: The introduction of new plants and animals to both continents transformed agriculture. Corn, potatoes, tomatoes, and beans became staple foods in Europe, and wheat and barley became staple crops in the Americas. Horses and cattle made transportation and farming more efficient.
* Trade: The Columbian Exchange led to a boom in trade between Europe and the Americas. New crops and animals were exported to different regions, and the demand for these products spurred economic growth.
* Population growth: The introduction of new food crops led to a population explosion in both Europe and the Americas. The population of Europe doubled in the 16th century, and the population of the Americas increased by 30 million in the same time period.
* Culture: The Columbian Exchange also had a profound impact on culture. The exchange of ideas and technologies led to new artistic styles, new forms of music, and new ways of thinking about the world.