1. Revenue Settlements (Zabti System): Akbar implemented the Zabti System, which was based on land measurement and productivity assessments. This method was known to be fair as it determined land revenue based on actual crop yields, ensuring peasants were not overburdened with excessive taxation.
2. Land Revenue Regulations: Akbar introduced a uniform revenue rate across the empire, with the tax fixed at one-third of the produce. This consistency allowed peasants to plan their agricultural activities and have a clearer understanding of their tax obligations.
3. Elimination of Intermediaries: Akbar removed the role of middlemen or revenue farmers who often exploited peasants. By dealing directly with the state, peasants were spared the burden of additional charges and had better control over their surplus.
4. Agricultural Infrastructure: Akbar invested in the development of irrigation systems and infrastructure, such as dams, canals, and wells, to improve agricultural productivity. These investments benefited the peasants as they had access to reliable water resources for their crops.
5. Promotion of Local Administration: Akbar encouraged the participation of local leaders, often called "Zamindars," in revenue administration. This enabled efficient revenue collection while acknowledging the rights of local communities.
6. Protection from Zamindari Abuses: Akbar implemented regulations to check the excesses and abuses of Zamindars, ensuring that the rights and well-being of peasants were protected.
Overall, Akbar's reforms created a more equitable system for peasants, which increased agricultural production and improved the overall economic well-being of the rural population. His focus on fair revenue policies and administrative efficiency ensured that the peasants were not overburdened and could enjoy a more stable and prosperous livelihood.