The Sumerians were a highly religious people, and their religion played a central role in their society and culture. The Sumerians believed in a pantheon of gods and goddesses, who were thought to control all aspects of life. The most important gods were An, the god of the sky; Enki, the god of water and wisdom; and Inanna, the goddess of love and war.
The Sumerians also believed in a concept called "theocracy," which means that the government was ruled by religious leaders. The priests of the Sumerian temples were responsible for carrying out religious ceremonies, interpreting the will of the gods, and advising the king on important decisions. The priests were also responsible for educating the people and maintaining the social order.
The Sumerian theocracy was a complex and sophisticated system of government. It allowed the Sumerians to maintain a stable and prosperous society for over 3,000 years.