The primary materials used to build a prairie schooner were:
1. Wood: The frame and body of the schooner were made of wood, typically ash or oak. These woods were strong and durable, making them suitable for the rigors of overland travel.
2. Canvas: The schooner's cover was made of canvas, a tightly woven cotton fabric. Canvas provided protection from rain and wind, and was also lightweight enough to make the schooner easy to maneuver.
3. Iron: Iron was used to reinforce the frame of the schooner, and to make hinges, latches, and other hardware. Iron was strong and durable, but also heavy, so it was used sparingly.
4. Leather: Leather was used for the harness and straps that held the schooner together, as well as for other items such as the bedroll straps and wagon cover. Leather was durable and flexible, making it ideal for these purposes.
5. Rope: Rope was used to tie down the canvas cover and to secure other items to the wagon. Rope was strong and flexible, and also relatively lightweight, making it a versatile material for a variety of purposes.