It was a complex and fluid concept, and its boundaries shifted over time and in different regions, depending on the specific circumstances and relationships between the groups involved. However, the middle ground generally refers to a zone of interaction and negotiation that developed on the frontier between English settlements and Native American territories, where cultural exchange, trade, diplomacy, and conflict occurred.
In the middle ground, English colonists and Native Americans encountered each other as distinct cultural groups with their own languages, customs, and worldviews. They brought their different social, political, and economic systems into contact, and through processes of negotiation and adaptation, they shaped the terms of their interactions and coexistence.
The middle ground was not always a peaceful place, and conflicts and misunderstandings did occur. However, it was also a space where both sides could potentially benefit from the exchange of goods, ideas, and knowledge, and where diplomatic efforts could be made to resolve conflicts and establish peaceful relations.