Here are some factors that can affect the value of an 1890 Indian Head penny:
Condition: The condition of the coin is one of the most important factors in determining its value. A coin that is well-preserved and free of damage will be worth more than a coin that is worn or damaged.
Rarity: The rarity of the coin is also a major factor in determining its value. The 1890 Indian Head penny is not a particularly rare coin, but some varieties are more rare than others. For example, the 1890-S Indian Head penny, which was minted in San Francisco, is rarer than the 1890 Indian Head penny that was minted in Philadelphia.
Grade: The grade of a coin is a measure of its condition and rarity. Coins are graded on a scale from 1 to 70, with 70 being the highest grade. A coin that is graded higher will be worth more than a coin that is graded lower.
Here are some estimated values for 1890 Indian Head pennies in different grades:
Good (G) - $1-$5
Very Good (VG) - $3-$10
Fine (F) - $5-$20
Very Fine (VF) - $10-$50
Extremely Fine (EF) - $50-$200
Uncirculated (MS) - $200-$1,000
It is important to note that these values are just estimates, and the actual value of an 1890 Indian Head penny may vary depending on the specific coin and the market conditions at the time of sale.