1. Petition of Right (1628):
- The Petition of Right was a document that Parliament forced King Charles I to sign.
- It limited the king's power to tax without Parliament's consent and also forbade the arbitrary imprisonment and forced loans.
2. Magna Carta (1215):
- The Magna Carta, originally created by King John, was reconfirmed and strengthened during the Civil War.
- It ensured the rights of individuals, regardless of their social status, to liberty and due process of law.
Glorious Revolution (1688-1689):
1. Bill of Rights (1689):
- The Bill of Rights was enacted after the Glorious Revolution, which resulted in the replacement of King James II with William and Mary.
- The Bill of Rights established essential constitutional principles such as the right to free speech, the right to petition the government, and the prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment.
2. Habeas Corpus Act (1679):
- This act ensured that individuals could not be arbitrarily detained without being charged with a crime.
3. Act of Toleration (1689):
- The Act of Toleration provided religious freedom to non-Anglicans, although it excluded Catholics and Unitarians.
4. Triennial Act (1694):
- The Triennial Act ensured that Parliament would meet at least once every three years.
These developments established the foundation for the constitutional monarchy and the protection of individual rights in England, which had a significant impact on the development of democracy and human rights in the country and around the world.