Jainism: Gandhi was deeply influenced by the principles of Jainism, a religion that emphasizes nonviolence (ahimsa) as a fundamental ethical principle. Jainism teaches that all living beings have souls, and that violence against any living being is morally wrong.
Hinduism: Gandhi was a devout Hindu, and his understanding of nonviolence was shaped by Hindu scriptures such as the Bhagavad Gita and the Upanishads. These texts emphasize the importance of selflessness, compassion, and ethical behavior.
Buddhism: Gandhi also studied and admired Buddhist teachings, which emphasize the importance of non-attachment, compassion, and the avoidance of harm to all living beings.
Christianity: Gandhi was influenced by the teachings of Jesus Christ, particularly the Sermon on the Mount, which emphasizes love, forgiveness, and compassion.
Gandhi's synthesis of these religious doctrines led him to develop his unique philosophy of nonviolence and respect for all life, which became a central tenet of his political and social activism.