Death: The death penalty was a common punishment for murder, especially in cases of premeditated or aggravated murder. The specific method of execution varied from region to region and could include hanging, beheading, burning, or drawing and quartering.
Mutilation: In some cases, murderers might be subjected to mutilation as a punishment. This could involve cutting off a hand or a foot, or blinding the offender.
Banishment: In certain circumstances, murderers might be banished from their community or from a particular region. This punishment allowed the offender to live but prevented them from returning to the area where the crime was committed.
Fines and compensation: In some cases, murderers might be required to pay a fine or compensation to the victim's family or to the lord of the jurisdiction. The amount of compensation depended on the circumstances of the crime and the social status of the victim and the offender.
Ordeal: In certain cases, individuals accused of murder might be subjected to an ordeal to determine their guilt or innocence. Ordeals could involve tests such as touching a hot iron or walking barefoot over hot coals. If the accused passed the ordeal without injury, they were considered innocent; otherwise, they were deemed guilty.
Imprisonment: While imprisonment was not as common as other punishments during the Middle Ages, it was sometimes used for crimes such as murder. Offenders might be incarcerated in castles, dungeons, or other forms of confinement.