1. Roman
- Lorica Hamata (Chainmail) - Flexible armor made of metal rings interlocking.
- Lorica Segmentata - Plate armor consisting of several segments connected by hinges.
- Gladius: A short sword primarily used by Roman infantry soldiers.
- Scutum: A large rectangular shield that offered substantial protection to Roman soldiers in battle.
- Galea: A bronze or iron helmet that enclosed the entire head and protected against both blows and thrown weapons.
- Leggings (Ocreae): Metal or leather greaves protecting the shins and lower legs.
2. Carthaginian
- Bronze Cuirass: Carthaginian warriors would often utilize body armor in battle, including bronze cuirasses that protected the wearer's torso.
- Linen Armor: Some evidence suggests the use of linen as body armor, perhaps used in layered form similar to scale armor.
- Greaves: Greaves made of bronze to protect the wearer's shins.
- Helmets: Carthaginian helmet designs would incorporate influences from their Mediterranean neighbors. One design, the Phrygian-type helmet, had a bowl shape with turned-up cheek guards.
- Shields: Carthaginian troops often carried smaller, oval-shaped shields, offering greater mobility compared to the large Roman rectangular shields.
- Spears/Javelins: Carthage had an extensive force known as skirmishers that relied on a long reach using heavy thrown spears called "hastae" along with light, javelin-type weapons.
- Sica: A short sword was used mainly as a sidearm or defensive weapon.
Each culture's equipment and armor evolved throughout the Punic Wars based on changing technologies, combat tactics, and cultural influences. Both Roman and Carthaginian armor were instrumental in protecting soldiers from wounds during battles characterized by close-quarters combat.